Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 59
At the time when our story opens Ka-meha-meha’s attack had been repulsed with fearful loss on the part of his followers.
Who acts: story, Ka · What happens: open, repulse, attack · To what, where: attack
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (story, Ka), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | At | at | ADP | _ | 3 time | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 time | det |
| 3 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 opens | obl |
| 4 | when | when | SCONJ | _ | 7 opens | mark |
| 5 | our | our | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 story | nmod:poss |
| 6 | story | story | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 opens | nsubj |
| 7 | opens | open | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 8 | Ka | Ka | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 attack | nmod:poss |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 meha | punct |
| 10 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 8 Ka | dep |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 meha | punct |
| 12 | meha | meha | X | Foreign=Yes | 8 Ka | dep |
| 13 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 8 Ka | case |
| 14 | attack | attack | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 repulsed | nsubj:pass |
| 15 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 repulsed | aux |
| 16 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 repulsed | aux:pass |
| 17 | repulsed | repulse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 opens | ccomp |
| 18 | with | with | ADP | _ | 20 loss | case |
| 19 | fearful | fearful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 loss | amod |
| 20 | loss | loss | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 repulsed | obl |
| 21 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 part | case |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 part | det |
| 23 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 loss | nmod |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 26 followers | case |
| 25 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 26 followers | nmod:poss |
| 26 | followers | follower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 part | nmod |
| 27 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 opens | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | open | present | our story | time | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | repulse | past · perfect · passive | Ka's attack | with fearful loss on the part of Ka's followers | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Experiencer | ||||
| 3 | attack | Ka | nom attack «act transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/18/59/