Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Law of the Splintered Paddle, sentence 79
He passed around a corner of the island and planned to surprise the natives of a noted fishing-ground, hoping to make captives and secure booty from some of the warriors against whom the recent battle had been fought.
Who acts: pursuit · What happens: pass, plan, surprise, note, hope, make · To what, where: corner, natives, captives, recent battle
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Law of the Splintered Paddle. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (pursuit), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 passed | nsubj |
| 2 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | around | around | ADP | _ | 5 corner | case |
| 4 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 5 corner | det |
| 5 | corner | corner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 passed | obl |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 island | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 island | det |
| 8 | island | island | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 corner | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 planned | cc |
| 10 | planned | plan | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 island | conj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 surprise | mark |
| 12 | surprise | surprise | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 planned | xcomp |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 natives | det |
| 14 | natives | native | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 surprise | obj |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 ground | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 20 ground | det |
| 17 | noted | note | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 20 ground | amod |
| 18 | fishing | fishing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 ground | compound |
| 19 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 18 fishing | punct |
| 20 | ground | ground | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 natives | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 hoping | punct |
| 22 | hoping | hope | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 passed | advcl |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 make | mark |
| 24 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 hoping | xcomp |
| 25 | captives | captive | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 make | obj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 booty | cc |
| 27 | secure | secure | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 booty | amod |
| 28 | booty | booty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 captives | conj |
| 29 | from | from | ADP | _ | 30 some | case |
| 30 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 28 booty | nmod |
| 31 | of | of | ADP | _ | 33 warriors | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 warriors | det |
| 33 | warriors | warrior | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 some | nmod |
| 34 | against | against | ADP | _ | 35 whom | case |
| 35 | whom | whom | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 warriors | nmod |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 battle | det |
| 37 | recent | recent | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 battle | amod |
| 38 | battle | battle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 fought | nsubj:pass |
| 39 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 41 fought | aux |
| 40 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 41 fought | aux:pass |
| 41 | fought | fight | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 35 whom | acl:relcl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 passed | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | pass | past | pursuit | a corner of the island | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme around corner=Location | ||||
| 2 | plan | participle | pursuit not said here | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 3 | surprise not said to happen | to-infinitive | pursuit not said here | the natives of a noted fishing ground | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus native=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | note | participle | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | hope | gerund | pursuit not said here | vn long-32.2 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Pivot clause=Theme | |||||
| 6 | make not said to happen | to-infinitive | pursuit not said here | captives and secure booty from some of the warriors | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset captive=Product | ||||
| 7 | fight | past · perfect · passive | the recent battle | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Co-Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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