Hawaiian Historical Legends, Last of the Tabu, sentence 44
“Only a few speak freely one to another.
Who acts: few · What happens: speak · To what, where: one · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Last of the Tabu. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (few), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 5 speak | punct |
| 2 | Only | only | ADV | _ | 4 few | advmod |
| 3 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 4 few | det |
| 4 | few | few | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 speak | nsubj |
| 5 | speak | speak | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | freely | freely | ADV | _ | 7 one | advmod |
| 7 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 5 speak | obj |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 another | case |
| 9 | another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 7 one | nmod |
| 10 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 speak | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | speak speech: other in a quote | present | a few | one | to another | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/19/44/