Hawaiian Historical Legends, Maui the Polynesian, sentence 54
From the sea Maui and his brothers saw fire burning on a mountain side but it was always put entirely out when they hastened to the spot.
Who acts: Maui, fire, sides · What happens: see, burn, put out, hasten · To what, where: fire, sea, mountain side, spot
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Maui the Polynesian. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Maui, fire, sides), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | From | from | ADP | _ | 3 sea | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 sea | det |
| 3 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obl |
| 4 | Maui | Maui | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | nsubj |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 7 brothers | cc |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 brothers | nmod:poss |
| 7 | brothers | brother | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 Maui | conj |
| 8 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 saw | obj |
| 10 | burning | burn | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 9 fire | acl |
| 11 | on | on | ADP | _ | 14 side | case |
| 12 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 side | det |
| 13 | mountain | mountain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 side | compound |
| 14 | side | side | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 burning | obl |
| 15 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 19 put | cc |
| 16 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 put | nsubj:pass |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 put | aux:pass |
| 18 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 19 put | advmod |
| 19 | put | put | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 saw | conj |
| 20 | entirely | entirely | ADV | _ | 21 out | advmod |
| 21 | out | out | ADP | _ | 19 put | compound:prt |
| 22 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 24 hastened | advmod |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 hastened | nsubj |
| 24 | hastened | hasten | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 put | advcl |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 spot | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 spot | det |
| 27 | spot | spot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 hastened | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | Maui and Maui's brothers | fire | the sea | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer fire=Stimulus | |||
| 2 | burn | gerund | fire not said here | a mountain side | vn light_emission-43.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on side=Location | ||||
| 3 | put out | past · passive | fire | always property | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Goal | ||||
| 4 | hasten | past | sides = side | the spot | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to spot=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/2/54/