Hawaiian Historical Legends, First Hawaiian Printing, sentence 10
It is interesting to note that Gov. Adams, whose native name was Kuakini, did learn to read and write under the missionaries and has left two short letters, in both of which he presents a request for saws.
Who acts: native name, Gov. Adams, Davis, Kuakini · What happens: be, note, learn, read, write, leave · To what, where: Kuakini, two short letters, request
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, First Hawaiian Printing. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (native name, Gov. Adams, Davis, Kuakini), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 interesting | expl |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 3 interesting | cop |
| 3 | interesting | interesting | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | to | to | PART | _ | 5 note | mark |
| 5 | note | note | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 interesting | csubj |
| 6 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 17 learn | mark |
| 7 | Gov. | Gov. | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Adams | compound |
| 8 | Adams | adam | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 learn | nsubj |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 Kuakini | punct |
| 10 | whose | whose | PRON | Poss=Yes PronType=Rel | 12 name | nmod:poss |
| 11 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 name | amod |
| 12 | name | name | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 Kuakini | nsubj |
| 13 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 Kuakini | cop |
| 14 | Kuakini | Kuakini | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 Adams | nmod |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 Adams | punct |
| 16 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 learn | aux |
| 17 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 5 note | ccomp |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 read | mark |
| 19 | read | read | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 learn | xcomp |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 write | cc |
| 21 | write | write | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 19 read | conj |
| 22 | under | under | ADP | _ | 24 missionaries | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 missionaries | det |
| 24 | missionaries | missionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 write | obl |
| 25 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 27 left | cc |
| 26 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 left | aux |
| 27 | left | leave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 learn | conj |
| 28 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 30 letters | nummod |
| 29 | short | short | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 30 letters | amod |
| 30 | letters | letter | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 left | obj |
| 31 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 presents | punct |
| 32 | in | in | ADP | _ | 35 which | case |
| 33 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 35 which | nsubj |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 which | case |
| 35 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 37 presents | obl |
| 36 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 presents | nsubj |
| 37 | presents | present | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 27 left | parataxis |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 request | det |
| 39 | request | request | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 presents | obj |
| 40 | for | for | ADP | _ | 41 saws | case |
| 41 | saws | saw | NOUN | Number=Plur | 39 request | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 interesting | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | interesting property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | note | to-infinitive | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||||
| 3 | is a | past | Kuakini's native name | Kuakini | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | learn | past · do-support | Gov. Adams | vn learn-14-2-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | read | to-infinitive | Gov. Adams not said here | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | write | infinitive | Gov. Adams not said here | under the missionaries | vn scribble-25.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 7 | leave | present · perfect | Gov. Adams not said here | two short letters | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent letter=Theme | ||||
| 8 | present | present | Davis | a request | for saws; which obl | vn fulfilling-13.4.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent request=Theme for saw=Recipient | |||
| 9 | name | Kuakini | nom name «communication transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/20/10/