Hawaiian Historical Legends, The First Constitution, sentence 11
A controversy with Roman Catholic priests, much as it was deprecated by the missionaries, was nevertheless a very useful factor in making the king and chiefs realise that they must be better prepared to deal with foreign interference.
Who acts: missionaries, controversy, chiefs · What happens: deprecate, be, make, realise, deal · To what, where: controversy, useful factor, king · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (missionaries, controversy, chiefs), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | A | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 2 controversy | det |
| 2 | controversy | controversy | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 factor | nsubj |
| 3 | with | with | ADP | _ | 6 priests | case |
| 4 | Roman | roman | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 priests | amod |
| 5 | Catholic | catholic | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 priests | amod |
| 6 | priests | priest | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 controversy | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 much | punct |
| 8 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 priests | amod |
| 9 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 12 deprecated | mark |
| 10 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 deprecated | nsubj:pass |
| 11 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 deprecated | aux:pass |
| 12 | deprecated | deprecate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 much | advcl |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 missionaries | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 missionaries | det |
| 15 | missionaries | missionary | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 deprecated | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 controversy | punct |
| 17 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 22 factor | cop |
| 18 | nevertheless | nevertheless | ADV | _ | 22 factor | advmod |
| 19 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 factor | det |
| 20 | very | very | ADV | _ | 21 useful | advmod |
| 21 | useful | useful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 factor | amod |
| 22 | factor | factor | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 23 | in | in | SCONJ | _ | 24 making | mark |
| 24 | making | make | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 22 factor | advcl |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 king | det |
| 26 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 making | obj |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 29 realise | cc |
| 28 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 realise | nsubj |
| 29 | realise | realise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 making | conj |
| 30 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 35 prepared | mark |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 35 prepared | nsubj |
| 32 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 35 prepared | aux |
| 33 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 35 prepared | cop |
| 34 | better | well | ADV | Degree=Cmp | 35 prepared | advmod |
| 35 | prepared | prepared | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 realise | ccomp |
| 36 | to | to | PART | _ | 37 deal | mark |
| 37 | deal | deal | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 35 prepared | advcl |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 interference | case |
| 39 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 interference | amod |
| 40 | interference | interference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 deal | obl |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 22 factor | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | deprecate | past · passive | the missionaries | controversy | vn judgment-33.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | ||||
| 2 | is a | past | a controversy with Roman Catholic priests | a useful factor | nevertheless property | tree rules | |||
| 3 | make | gerund | a controversy with Roman Catholic priests not said here | the king | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset king=Product | ||||
| 4 | realise | present | chiefs | tree rules | |||||
| 5 | is | must | chiefs = chief | prepared, well property | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | deal | to-infinitive | chiefs = chief not said here | with foreign interference | vn cope-83 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent with interference=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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