Hawaiian Historical Legends, The First Constitution, sentence 2
Between the years 1835–1840 there was a culmination of several forces, each one important in itself and all uniting to bring about the exceedingly interesting series of events which marked the Hawaiian history of that time.
Who acts: culmination, exceedingly interesting series · What happens: be, unite, bring, mark · To what, where: Hawaiian history
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (culmination, exceedingly interesting series), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Between | between | ADP | _ | 3 years | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 years | det |
| 3 | years | year | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 was | obl:unmarked |
| 4 | 1835 | 1835 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 3 years | flat |
| 5 | – | – | SYM | ExtPos=ADP | 6 1840 | case |
| 6 | 1840 | 1840 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 4 1835 | nmod |
| 7 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 8 was | expl |
| 8 | was | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 culmination | det |
| 10 | culmination | culmination | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 was | nsubj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 forces | case |
| 12 | several | several | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 13 forces | amod |
| 13 | forces | force | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 culmination | nmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 one | punct |
| 15 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 16 one | det |
| 16 | one | one | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 culmination | appos |
| 17 | important | important | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 one | amod |
| 18 | in | in | ADP | _ | 19 itself | case |
| 19 | itself | itself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 17 important | obl |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 uniting | cc |
| 21 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 22 uniting | advmod |
| 22 | uniting | unite | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 17 important | conj |
| 23 | to | to | PART | _ | 24 bring | mark |
| 24 | bring | bring | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 22 uniting | xcomp |
| 25 | about | about | ADP | _ | 29 series | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 series | det |
| 27 | exceedingly | exceedingly | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 series | compound |
| 28 | interesting | interesting | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 series | amod |
| 29 | series | series | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 bring | obl |
| 30 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 events | case |
| 31 | events | event | NOUN | Number=Plur | 29 series | nmod |
| 32 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 33 marked | nsubj |
| 33 | marked | mark | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 29 series | acl:relcl |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 history | det |
| 35 | Hawaiian | hawaiian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 history | amod |
| 36 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 marked | obj |
| 37 | of | of | ADP | _ | 39 time | case |
| 38 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 39 time | det |
| 39 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 history | nmod |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 8 was | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | be | past | a culmination of several forces | there | year | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||
| 2 | unite | gerund | a culmination of several forces not said here | tree rules | |||||
| 3 | bring | to-infinitive | a culmination of several forces not said here | about the exceedingly interesting series of events | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP together»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 4 | mark | past | the exceedingly interesting series of events | the Hawaiian history of that time | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent history=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/21/2/