Hawaiian Historical Legends, The First Constitution, sentence 84
Hence the following exhortations are made to the chiefs: “That the land agents and that lazy class of persons who live about us should be enriched to the impoverishment of the lower classes, who with patience toil under their burdens, is not in accordance with the designs of this law.
Who acts: persons, lower classes, agents · What happens: follow, make, live, enrich, not be, impoverish · To what, where: following exhortations, That, accordance, lower classes, law
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (persons, lower classes, agents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Hence | hence | ADV | _ | 6 made | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 exhortations | det |
| 3 | following | follow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 4 exhortations | amod |
| 4 | exhortations | exhortation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 made | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 made | aux:pass |
| 6 | made | make | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 7 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 chiefs | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 chiefs | det |
| 9 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 made | obl |
| 10 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 28 enriched | punct |
| 11 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 28 enriched | punct |
| 12 | That | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 28 enriched | nsubj:pass |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 agents | det |
| 14 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 agents | compound |
| 15 | agents | agent | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 enriched | nsubj:pass |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 class | cc |
| 17 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 19 class | det |
| 18 | lazy | lazy | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 19 class | amod |
| 19 | class | class | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 agents | conj |
| 20 | of | of | ADP | _ | 21 persons | case |
| 21 | persons | person | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 class | nmod |
| 22 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 23 live | nsubj |
| 23 | live | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 persons | acl:relcl |
| 24 | about | about | ADP | _ | 25 us | case |
| 25 | us | we | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=1 PronType=Prs | 23 live | obl |
| 26 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 enriched | aux |
| 27 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 28 enriched | aux:pass |
| 28 | enriched | enrich | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 made | conj |
| 29 | to | to | ADP | _ | 31 impoverishment | case |
| 30 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 impoverishment | det |
| 31 | impoverishment | impoverishment | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 enriched | obl |
| 32 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 classes | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 classes | det |
| 34 | lower | low | ADJ | Degree=Cmp | 35 classes | amod |
| 35 | classes | class | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 impoverishment | nmod |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 48 accordance | punct |
| 37 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 48 accordance | nsubj |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 toil | case |
| 39 | patience | patience | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 toil | compound |
| 40 | toil | toil | NOUN | Number=Sing | 48 accordance | obl |
| 41 | under | under | ADP | _ | 43 burdens | case |
| 42 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 43 burdens | nmod:poss |
| 43 | burdens | burden | NOUN | Number=Plur | 40 toil | nmod |
| 44 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 40 toil | punct |
| 45 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 48 accordance | cop |
| 46 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 48 accordance | advmod |
| 47 | in | in | ADP | _ | 48 accordance | case |
| 48 | accordance | accordance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 classes | nmod |
| 49 | with | with | ADP | _ | 51 designs | case |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 designs | det |
| 51 | designs | design | NOUN | Number=Plur | 48 accordance | nmod |
| 52 | of | of | ADP | _ | 54 law | case |
| 53 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 54 law | det |
| 54 | law | law | NOUN | Number=Sing | 51 designs | nmod |
| 55 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 made | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | follow | gerund | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 2 | make | present · passive | the following exhortations | to the chiefs; hence property | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: subject=Product | ||||
| 3 | live in a quote | present | persons | about us | vn exist-47.1-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme about we=Location | ||||
| 4 | enrich in a quote | should · passive | That | to the impoverishment of the lower classes; the land agents and that lazy class of persons nsubj:pass | vn fill-9.8 «NP V NP»: subject=Destination | ||||
| 5 | not is in a quote | present | the lower classes | accordance | with patience toil under agents's burdens; with the designs of this law | tree rules | |||
| 6 | impoverish in a quote | the lower classes | nom impoverishment «state transitive»: of=patient | ||||||
| 7 | burden in a quote | agents = agent | nom burden «cognition transitive»: poss=agent | ||||||
| 8 | design in a quote | this law | nom design «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/21/84/