Hawaiian Historical Legends, The First Constitution, sentence 97
They spend their days in idleness, and therefore their lands are grown over with weeds and there is little food growing.
Who acts: people, little food · What happens: spend, grow over, be, grow · To what, where: idleness, lands
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The First Constitution. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, little food), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 spend | nsubj |
| 2 | spend | spend | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 4 days | nmod:poss |
| 4 | days | day | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 spend | obj |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 6 idleness | case |
| 6 | idleness | idleness | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 spend | obl |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 grown | punct |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 13 grown | cc |
| 9 | therefore | therefore | ADV | _ | 13 grown | advmod |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 lands | nmod:poss |
| 11 | lands | land | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 grown | nsubj |
| 12 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 grown | aux:pass |
| 13 | grown | grow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 spend | conj |
| 14 | over | over | ADV | _ | 13 grown | advmod |
| 15 | with | with | ADP | _ | 16 weeds | case |
| 16 | weeds | weed | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 grown | obl |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 is | cc |
| 18 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 19 is | expl |
| 19 | is | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 grown | conj |
| 20 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 food | amod |
| 21 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 is | nsubj |
| 22 | growing | grow | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 19 is | xcomp |
| 23 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 spend | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | spend | present | people | idleness | day | vn consume-66-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||
| 2 | grow over | present · passive | people's lands | with weeds; over, therefore property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: subject=Patient with weed=Instrument | ||||
| 3 | be | present | little food | there | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | grow | gerund | little food not said here | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/21/97/