Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 1
The flag which has floated over the Hawaiian Islands for more than a century is a combination of the “Union Jack” and stripes rather than the “Stars and Stripes,” to which it now gives precedence.
Who acts: flag · What happens: float, be, give · To what, where: flag, Hawaiian Islands, combination, precedence, stripes
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (flag), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 flag | det |
| 2 | flag | flag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 combination | nsubj |
| 3 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 5 floated | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 floated | aux |
| 5 | floated | float | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 flag | acl:relcl |
| 6 | over | over | ADP | _ | 9 Islands | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 Islands | det |
| 8 | Hawaiian | Hawaiian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 9 Islands | compound |
| 9 | Islands | Island | PROPN | Number=Plur | 5 floated | obl |
| 10 | for | for | ADP | _ | 14 century | case |
| 11 | more | more | ADJ | Degree=Cmp ExtPos=ADV | 14 century | advmod |
| 12 | than | than | ADP | _ | 11 more | fixed |
| 13 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 14 century | det |
| 14 | century | century | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 floated | obl |
| 15 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 17 combination | cop |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 combination | det |
| 17 | combination | combination | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 22 Jack | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 22 Jack | det |
| 20 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 Jack | punct |
| 21 | Union | Union | PROPN | Number=Sing | 22 Jack | compound |
| 22 | Jack | Jack | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 combination | nmod |
| 23 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 22 Jack | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 stripes | cc |
| 25 | stripes | stripe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 combination | conj |
| 26 | rather | rather | ADV | ExtPos=CCONJ | 30 Stars | cc |
| 27 | than | than | ADP | _ | 26 rather | fixed |
| 28 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 Stars | det |
| 29 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 30 Stars | punct |
| 30 | Stars | star | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 stripes | conj |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 Stripes | cc |
| 32 | Stripes | stripe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 Stars | conj |
| 33 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 Stars | punct |
| 34 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 25 stripes | punct |
| 35 | to | to | ADP | _ | 36 which | case |
| 36 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 39 gives | obl |
| 37 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 39 gives | nsubj |
| 38 | now | now | ADV | PronType=Dem | 39 gives | advmod |
| 39 | gives | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 25 stripes | acl:relcl |
| 40 | precedence | precedence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 gives | obj |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 combination | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | float | present · perfect · passive | the flag | the Hawaiian Islands | century | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: subject=Theme over island=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | is a | present | the flag | a combination and stripes rather the Stars and Stripes | of the Union Jack; stripes rather the Stars and Stripes conj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | give | present | flag | precedence | stripes rather the Stars and Stripes | now | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent precedence=Theme to which=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/1/