Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 145
It was necessary that the officials of the newly annexed islands should take the oath of allegiance to the United States, and that the final change of government should be marked by a new and authorised flag-raising ceremony.
Who acts: officials, new raising ceremony, government · What happens: be, annex, take, mark, raise, change · To what, where: oath, United States, final change
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (officials, new raising ceremony, government), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 necessary | expl |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 necessary | cop |
| 3 | necessary | necessary | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 13 take | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 officials | det |
| 6 | officials | official | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 take | nsubj |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 11 islands | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 islands | det |
| 9 | newly | newly | ADV | _ | 10 annexed | advmod |
| 10 | annexed | annex | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 islands | amod |
| 11 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 officials | nmod |
| 12 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 13 take | aux |
| 13 | take | take | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 3 necessary | csubj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 oath | det |
| 15 | oath | oath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 take | obj |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 allegiance | case |
| 17 | allegiance | allegiance | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 oath | nmod |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 States | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 States | det |
| 20 | United | United | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 States | amod |
| 21 | States | State | PROPN | Number=Plur | 13 take | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 marked | punct |
| 23 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 marked | cc |
| 24 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 marked | mark |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 change | det |
| 26 | final | final | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 27 change | amod |
| 27 | change | change | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 marked | nsubj:pass |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 government | case |
| 29 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 change | nmod |
| 30 | should | should | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 32 marked | aux |
| 31 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 32 marked | aux:pass |
| 32 | marked | mark | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 necessary | conj |
| 33 | by | by | ADP | _ | 41 ceremony | case |
| 34 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 41 ceremony | det |
| 35 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 ceremony | amod |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 authorised | cc |
| 37 | authorised | authorised | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 35 new | conj |
| 38 | flag | flag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 raising | compound |
| 39 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 38 flag | punct |
| 40 | raising | raise | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 41 ceremony | amod |
| 41 | ceremony | ceremony | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 marked | obl |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 necessary | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | necessary property | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | annex | participle | newly property | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | take | should | the officials of the annexed islands | the oath of allegiance | the United States | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent oath=Theme to state=Destination | |||
| 4 | mark | should · passive | a new raising ceremony | the final change of government | vn image_impression-25.1 «NP V NP.destination»: agent=Agent subject=Destination | ||||
| 5 | raise | gerund | flag compound | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 6 | change | government | nom change «event intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/145/