Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 168
The Hawaiian flag is surrounded by many historical memories which mean much to residents of both native and foreign descent, and they rejoice that the dear old flag is not lost from the nation’s history.
Who acts: many historical memories, residents · What happens: surround, mean, rejoice, not lose · To what, where: Hawaiian flag, much, dear old flag, history
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (many historical memories, residents), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 flag | det |
| 2 | Hawaiian | hawaiian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 flag | amod |
| 3 | flag | flag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 surrounded | nsubj:pass |
| 4 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 surrounded | aux:pass |
| 5 | surrounded | surround | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 6 | by | by | ADP | _ | 9 memories | case |
| 7 | many | many | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 memories | amod |
| 8 | historical | historical | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 memories | amod |
| 9 | memories | memory | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 surrounded | obl:agent |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 mean | nsubj |
| 11 | mean | mean | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 9 memories | acl:relcl |
| 12 | much | much | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 mean | obj |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 residents | case |
| 14 | residents | resident | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 much | obl |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 descent | case |
| 16 | both | both | DET | PronType=Tot | 20 descent | det |
| 17 | native | native | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 descent | amod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 foreign | cc |
| 19 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 native | conj |
| 20 | descent | descent | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 residents | nmod |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 rejoice | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 24 rejoice | cc |
| 23 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 rejoice | nsubj |
| 24 | rejoice | rejoice | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 5 surrounded | parataxis |
| 25 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 32 lost | mark |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 flag | det |
| 27 | dear | dear | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 flag | amod |
| 28 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 flag | amod |
| 29 | flag | flag | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 lost | nsubj:pass |
| 30 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 32 lost | aux:pass |
| 31 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 32 lost | advmod |
| 32 | lost | lose | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 rejoice | advcl |
| 33 | from | from | ADP | _ | 37 history | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 nation | det |
| 35 | nation | nation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 history | nmod:poss |
| 36 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 35 nation | case |
| 37 | history | history | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 lost | obl |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 surrounded | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | surround | present · passive | many historical memories | the Hawaiian flag | vn contiguous_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme subject=Co-Theme | ||||
| 2 | mean | present | many historical memories | much to residents of both native descent | vn intend-61.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent much=Topic | ||||
| 3 | rejoice | present | residents = resident | vn marvel-31.3 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | |||||
| 4 | not lose | present · passive | the dear old flag | the nation's history | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP PP»: subject=Theme from history=Initial_Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/168/