Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 175
The letter “r” being used for “l” and “t” for “k” explains the slight difference in the names, Laa and Raa-Kahiki and Tahiti.
Who acts: slight difference · What happens: use, explain · To what, where: letter
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (slight difference), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 letter | det |
| 2 | letter | letter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 used | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 r | punct |
| 4 | r | r | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 letter | appos |
| 5 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 r | punct |
| 6 | being | be | AUX | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 7 used | aux:pass |
| 7 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 8 | for | for | ADP | _ | 10 l | case |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 l | punct |
| 10 | l | l | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 explains | obl |
| 11 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 l | punct |
| 12 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 14 t | cc |
| 13 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 t | punct |
| 14 | t | t | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 l | conj |
| 15 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 14 t | punct |
| 16 | for | for | ADP | _ | 18 k | case |
| 17 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 18 k | punct |
| 18 | k | k | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 t | nmod |
| 19 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 10 l | punct |
| 20 | explains | explain | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 used | parataxis |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 difference | det |
| 22 | slight | slight | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 difference | amod |
| 23 | difference | difference | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 explains | obj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 names | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 names | det |
| 26 | names | name | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 difference | nmod |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 Laa | punct |
| 28 | Laa | Laa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 names | appos |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 30 Raa | cc |
| 30 | Raa | Raa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Laa | conj |
| 31 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 32 Kahiki | punct |
| 32 | Kahiki | Kahiki | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Laa | conj |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 34 Tahiti | cc |
| 34 | Tahiti | Tahiti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 28 Laa | conj |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 7 used | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | use | gerund · passive | the letter | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient | |||||
| 2 | explain speech: assert | present | the slight difference | for l and t for k | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/175/