Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 67
Lord Paulet then took possession of the fort, confiscated Hawaiian ships, compelled natives to enlist to form an English army, and began to increase taxes to meet the expenses of his new government.
Who acts: Lord, possession · What happens: take, confiscate, compel, enlist, form, begin · To what, where: possession, Hawaiian ships, natives, English army, taxes, expenses
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Lord, possession), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Lord | Lord | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 took | nsubj |
| 2 | Paulet | Paulet | PROPN | Number=Sing | 1 Lord | flat |
| 3 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 4 took | advmod |
| 4 | took | take | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | possession | possession | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 took | obj |
| 6 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 fort | case |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 fort | det |
| 8 | fort | fort | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 possession | nmod |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 10 confiscated | punct |
| 10 | confiscated | confiscate | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 possession | acl |
| 11 | Hawaiian | Hawaiian | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 ships | compound |
| 12 | ships | ship | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 confiscated | obj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 compelled | punct |
| 14 | compelled | compel | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 took | conj |
| 15 | natives | native | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 compelled | obj |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 enlist | mark |
| 17 | enlist | enlist | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 compelled | advcl |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 form | mark |
| 19 | form | form | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 enlist | xcomp |
| 20 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 army | det |
| 21 | English | English | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 22 army | amod |
| 22 | army | army | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 form | obj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 25 began | punct |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 began | cc |
| 25 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 took | conj |
| 26 | to | to | PART | _ | 27 increase | mark |
| 27 | increase | increase | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 25 began | xcomp |
| 28 | taxes | tax | NOUN | Number=Plur | 27 increase | obj |
| 29 | to | to | PART | _ | 30 meet | mark |
| 30 | meet | meet | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 27 increase | advcl |
| 31 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 32 expenses | det |
| 32 | expenses | expense | NOUN | Number=Plur | 30 meet | obj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 36 government | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 36 government | nmod:poss |
| 35 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 36 government | amod |
| 36 | government | government | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 expenses | nmod |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 took | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | take | past | Lord | possession of the fort | then | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent possession=Theme | |||
| 2 | confiscate | participle | possession of the fort not said here | Hawaiian ships | vn steal-10.5 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent ship=Theme | ||||
| 3 | compel | past | Lord not said here | natives | vn compel-59.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent native=Patient | ||||
| 4 | enlist | to-infinitive | Lord not said here | vn hire-13.5.3 «NP V NP to be NP»: agent=Agent clause=Attribute | |||||
| 5 | form | to-infinitive | Lord not said here | a English army | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location army=Theme | ||||
| 6 | begin | past | Lord not said here | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 7 | increase | to-infinitive | Lord not said here | taxes | vn caused_calibratable_cos-45.6.2-1 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Causer tax=Patient | ||||
| 8 | meet | to-infinitive | Lord not said here | the expenses of Lord's new government | vn meet-36.3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent expense=Co-Agent | ||||
| 9 | possess | the fort | nom possession «act transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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