Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Hawaiian Flag, sentence 80
The English standard bearers advanced towards his majesty, their flags bowed gracefully, and a broad, beautiful Hawaiian banner, exhibiting a crown and olive branch, was unfurled over the heads of the king and his attending chieftains.
Who acts: English standard bearers · What happens: advance, bow, exhibit, unfurl · To what, where: broad beautiful Hawaiian banner, majesty, flags, crown, heads
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Hawaiian Flag. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (English standard bearers), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 bearers | det |
| 2 | English | English | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 bearers | amod |
| 3 | standard | standard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 4 bearers | amod |
| 4 | bearers | bearer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 advanced | nsubj |
| 5 | advanced | advance | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | towards | towards | ADP | _ | 8 majesty | case |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 majesty | nmod:poss |
| 8 | majesty | majesty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 advanced | obl |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 flags | punct |
| 10 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 11 flags | nmod:poss |
| 11 | flags | flag | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 majesty | nmod |
| 12 | bowed | bow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 11 flags | acl |
| 13 | gracefully | gracefully | ADV | _ | 12 bowed | advmod |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 21 banner | punct |
| 15 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 21 banner | cc |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 21 banner | det |
| 17 | broad | broad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 banner | amod |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 broad | punct |
| 19 | beautiful | beautiful | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 banner | amod |
| 20 | Hawaiian | hawaiian | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 21 banner | amod |
| 21 | banner | banner | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 advanced | obl |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 exhibiting | punct |
| 23 | exhibiting | exhibit | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 5 advanced | advcl |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 crown | det |
| 25 | crown | crown | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 exhibiting | obj |
| 26 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 branch | cc |
| 27 | olive | olive | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 28 branch | amod |
| 28 | branch | branch | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 crown | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 unfurled | punct |
| 30 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 unfurled | aux:pass |
| 31 | unfurled | unfurl | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 5 advanced | conj |
| 32 | over | over | ADP | _ | 34 heads | case |
| 33 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 34 heads | det |
| 34 | heads | head | NOUN | Number=Plur | 31 unfurled | obl |
| 35 | of | of | ADP | _ | 37 king | case |
| 36 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 37 king | det |
| 37 | king | king | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 heads | nmod |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 41 chieftains | cc |
| 39 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 41 chieftains | nmod:poss |
| 40 | attending | attending | NOUN | Number=Sing | 41 chieftains | compound |
| 41 | chieftains | chieftain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 king | conj |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 advanced | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | advance | past | the English standard bearers | a broad beautiful Hawaiian banner | admiral's majesty bearers's flags | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme towards majesty=Initial_Location | |||
| 2 | bow | participle | bearers's flags not said here | gracefully property | vn acquiesce-95.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | exhibit | gerund | the English standard bearers not said here | a crown and olive branch | vn reflexive_appearance-48.1.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent crown=Theme | ||||
| 4 | unfurl | past · passive | the English standard bearers not said here | the heads of the king and admiral's attending chieftains | vn bend-45.2 «NP.patient V» |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/22/80/