Hawaiian Historical Legends, Maui Seeking Immortality, sentence 19
Man ought to die like the moon which dips in the life-giving waters of Kane and is renewed again, or like the sun, which daily sinks into the pit of night and with renewed strength rises in the morning.”
Who acts: Man, moon, sun · What happens: die, dip, give, renew, sink, rise · To what, where: pit
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Maui Seeking Immortality. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Man, moon, sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 die | nsubj |
| 2 | ought | ought | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 4 die | aux |
| 3 | to | to | PART | _ | 4 die | mark |
| 4 | die | die | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | root | root |
| 5 | like | like | ADP | _ | 7 moon | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 moon | det |
| 7 | moon | moon | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 die | obl |
| 8 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 9 dips | nsubj |
| 9 | dips | dip | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 7 moon | acl:relcl |
| 10 | in | in | ADP | _ | 15 waters | case |
| 11 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 waters | det |
| 12 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 giving | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 life | punct |
| 14 | giving | give | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 waters | amod |
| 15 | waters | water | NOUN | Number=Plur | 9 dips | obl |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 Kane | case |
| 17 | Kane | Kane | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 waters | nmod |
| 18 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 renewed | cc |
| 19 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 20 renewed | aux:pass |
| 20 | renewed | renew | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 dips | conj |
| 21 | again | again | ADV | _ | 20 renewed | advmod |
| 22 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 sun | punct |
| 23 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 26 sun | cc |
| 24 | like | like | ADP | _ | 26 sun | case |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 26 sun | det |
| 26 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 rises | nsubj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 sinks | punct |
| 28 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 30 sinks | nsubj |
| 29 | daily | daily | ADV | _ | 30 sinks | advmod |
| 30 | sinks | sink | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 26 sun | conj |
| 31 | into | into | ADP | _ | 33 pit | case |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 pit | det |
| 33 | pit | pit | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 sinks | obl |
| 34 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 night | case |
| 35 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 pit | nmod |
| 36 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 strength | cc |
| 37 | with | with | ADP | _ | 39 strength | case |
| 38 | renewed | renew | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 39 strength | amod |
| 39 | strength | strength | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 pit | conj |
| 40 | rises | rise | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 die | parataxis |
| 41 | in | in | ADP | _ | 43 morning | case |
| 42 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 43 morning | det |
| 43 | morning | morning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 rises | obl |
| 44 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 die | punct |
| 45 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 4 die | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | die | ought | Man | like the moon | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | dip | present | the moon | in the giving waters of Kane | vn calibratable_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.patient V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient in water=Attribute | ||||
| 3 | give | gerund | life compound | vn break_down-45.8 «NP V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | renew | present · passive | the moon not said here | again | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V» | ||||
| 5 | sink | present | the sun | the pit of night and renewed strength | daily property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||
| 6 | renew | participle | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 7 | rise | present | the sun | morning | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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