Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Water of Life [1], sentence 132
So Aukele flew and leaped straight on the second watchman, who told him not to go to the left or he would strike the lama trees (very hard wood, used for building houses for the gods).
Who acts: Aukele, second watchman, watchman · What happens: fly, leap, tell, not go, strike, use · To what, where: second watchman, watchman, left, lama trees, hard wood · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Water of Life [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Aukele, second watchman, watchman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 flew | advmod |
| 2 | Aukele | Aukele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 flew | nsubj |
| 3 | flew | fly | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 5 leaped | cc |
| 5 | leaped | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 flew | conj |
| 6 | straight | straight | ADV | _ | 10 watchman | advmod |
| 7 | on | on | ADP | _ | 10 watchman | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 watchman | det |
| 9 | second | second | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 10 watchman | amod |
| 10 | watchman | watchman | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 leaped | obj |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 told | punct |
| 12 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 told | nsubj |
| 13 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 10 watchman | parataxis |
| 14 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 13 told | iobj |
| 15 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 17 go | advmod |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 go | mark |
| 17 | go | go | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 told | xcomp |
| 18 | to | to | ADP | _ | 20 left | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 20 left | det |
| 20 | left | left | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 go | obl |
| 21 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 24 strike | cc |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 strike | nsubj |
| 23 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 24 strike | aux |
| 24 | strike | strike | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 told | conj |
| 25 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 trees | det |
| 26 | lama | lama | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 trees | compound |
| 27 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 strike | obj |
| 28 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 31 wood | punct |
| 29 | very | very | ADV | _ | 30 hard | advmod |
| 30 | hard | hard | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 wood | amod |
| 31 | wood | wood | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 trees | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 used | punct |
| 33 | used | use | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 31 wood | acl |
| 34 | for | for | ADP | _ | 36 houses | case |
| 35 | building | building | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 houses | compound |
| 36 | houses | house | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 used | obl |
| 37 | for | for | ADP | _ | 39 gods | case |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 gods | det |
| 39 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 36 houses | nmod |
| 40 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 31 wood | punct |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 flew | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | fly | past | Aukele | vn spatial_configuration-47.6-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 2 | leap | past | Aukele not said here | the second watchman | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme watchman=Trajectory | ||||
| 3 | tell speech: assert | past | the second watchman | watchman | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 4 | not go not said to happen | to-infinitive | the second watchman not said here | the left | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location»: agent=Theme to left=Initial_Location | ||||
| 5 | strike | would | watchman | the lama trees hard wood | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent tree=Patient | ||||
| 6 | use | participle | hard wood not said here | for building houses for the gods | vn eat-39.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/4/132/