Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Water of Life [1], sentence 148
He came down from the tree and she told him what he must do to get the water of life: “Go and break the stem of a water plant, and near it a bush with white flowers.
Who acts: guardian, woman · What happens: come down, tell, do, get, go, break · To what, where: tree, guardian, water, stem, water plant · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Water of Life [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (guardian, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 came | nsubj |
| 2 | came | come | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | down | down | ADV | _ | 2 came | advmod |
| 4 | from | from | ADP | _ | 6 tree | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 tree | det |
| 6 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 came | obl |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 told | cc |
| 8 | she | she | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 told | nsubj |
| 9 | told | tell | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 came | conj |
| 10 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 9 told | iobj |
| 11 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 14 do | obj |
| 12 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 14 do | nsubj |
| 13 | must | must | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 14 do | aux |
| 14 | do | do | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 told | xcomp |
| 15 | to | to | PART | _ | 16 get | mark |
| 16 | get | get | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 14 do | advcl |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 water | det |
| 18 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 get | obj |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 life | case |
| 20 | life | life | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 water | nmod |
| 21 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 23 Go | punct |
| 22 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 23 Go | punct |
| 23 | Go | go | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 9 told | ccomp |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 break | cc |
| 25 | break | break | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 23 Go | conj |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 stem | det |
| 27 | stem | stem | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 break | obj |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 31 plant | case |
| 29 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 31 plant | det |
| 30 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 plant | compound |
| 31 | plant | plant | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 stem | nmod |
| 32 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 bush | punct |
| 33 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 37 bush | cc |
| 34 | near | near | ADP | _ | 35 it | case |
| 35 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 37 bush | obl |
| 36 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 37 bush | det |
| 37 | bush | bush | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 came | parataxis |
| 38 | with | with | ADP | _ | 40 flowers | case |
| 39 | white | white | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 40 flowers | amod |
| 40 | flowers | flower | NOUN | Number=Plur | 37 bush | nmod |
| 41 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 came | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | come down | past | guardian | the tree | a bush near water with white flowers parataxis; down property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | tell speech: assert | past | woman | guardian | vn transfer_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | do not said to happen | must | guardian | what obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | ||||
| 4 | get | to-infinitive | guardian not said here | the water of life | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer water=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | go in a quote | infinitive | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | break in a quote | infinitive | the stem of a water plant | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer stem=Patient | |||||
| 7 | stem in a quote | a water plant | nom stem «communication transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/4/148/