Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Water of Life [1], sentence 165
In his haste he struck the leaves of the groves of trees and the noise was that of strong winds thrashing the branches and leaves back and forth, up and down.
Who acts: watchman, noise, strong winds · What happens: strike, be, thrash, leave · To what, where: leaves, haste, branches
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Water of Life [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (watchman, noise, strong winds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 haste | case |
| 2 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 3 haste | nmod:poss |
| 3 | haste | haste | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 struck | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 struck | nsubj |
| 5 | struck | strike | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 leaves | det |
| 7 | leaves | leaf | NOUN | Number=Plur | 5 struck | obj |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 groves | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 groves | det |
| 10 | groves | grove | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 leaves | nmod |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 12 trees | case |
| 12 | trees | tree | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 groves | nmod |
| 13 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 20 winds | cc |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 noise | det |
| 15 | noise | noise | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 winds | nsubj |
| 16 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 20 winds | cop |
| 17 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 winds | mark |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 winds | case |
| 19 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 winds | amod |
| 20 | winds | wind | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 leaves | conj |
| 21 | thrashing | thrash | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 20 winds | acl |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 branches | det |
| 23 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 thrashing | obj |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 leaves | cc |
| 25 | leaves | leave | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 21 thrashing | conj |
| 26 | back | back | ADV | _ | 25 leaves | advmod |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 forth | cc |
| 28 | forth | forth | ADV | _ | 26 back | conj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 30 up | punct |
| 30 | up | up | ADV | _ | 25 leaves | advmod |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 down | cc |
| 32 | down | down | ADV | _ | 30 up | conj |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 struck | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strike | past | watchman | the leaves of the groves of trees and strong winds | watchman's haste | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent leaf=Patient | |||
| 2 | is | past | the noise | of strong winds | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | thrash | gerund | strong winds not said here | the branches | vn spank-18.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent branch=Patient | ||||
| 4 | leave | present | strong winds not said here | vn escape-51.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/4/165/