Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Water of Life [1], sentence 24
The chiefess of that land looked out and saw a boat in the ocean, and sent some birds to see what the boat was doing and learn whether it was a war canoe, or a travelling boat.
Who acts: chiefess, boat · What happens: look out, see, send, do, learn, be · To what, where: boat, ocean, birds, war canoe · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Water of Life [1]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chiefess, boat), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 chiefess | det |
| 2 | chiefess | chiefess | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 looked | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 5 land | case |
| 4 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 5 land | det |
| 5 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 chiefess | nmod |
| 6 | looked | look | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 7 | out | out | ADP | _ | 6 looked | compound:prt |
| 8 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 9 saw | cc |
| 9 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 looked | conj |
| 10 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 11 boat | det |
| 11 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 saw | obj |
| 12 | in | in | ADP | _ | 14 ocean | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 ocean | det |
| 14 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 saw | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 sent | punct |
| 16 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 17 sent | cc |
| 17 | sent | send | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 looked | conj |
| 18 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 19 birds | det |
| 19 | birds | bird | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 sent | obj |
| 20 | to | to | PART | _ | 21 see | mark |
| 21 | see | see | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 sent | advcl |
| 22 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 26 doing | obj |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 boat | det |
| 24 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 doing | nsubj |
| 25 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 26 doing | aux |
| 26 | doing | do | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 21 see | ccomp |
| 27 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 28 learn | cc |
| 28 | learn | learn | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 21 see | conj |
| 29 | whether | whether | SCONJ | _ | 34 canoe | mark |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 canoe | nsubj |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 34 canoe | cop |
| 32 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 34 canoe | det |
| 33 | war | war | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 canoe | compound |
| 34 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 28 learn | ccomp |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 39 boat | punct |
| 36 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 39 boat | cc |
| 37 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 boat | det |
| 38 | travelling | travelling | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 boat | compound |
| 39 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 canoe | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 looked | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | look out | past | the chiefess of that land | vn caring-75.2-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | see | past | the chiefess of that land not said here | a boat | the ocean | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer boat=Stimulus | |||
| 3 | send | past | the chiefess of that land not said here | some birds | vn confine-92-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent bird=Theme | ||||
| 4 | see | to-infinitive | the chiefess of that land not said here | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 5 | do | past · progressive | the boat | what obj | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent what=Eventuality | ||||
| 6 | learn | infinitive | the chiefess of that land not said here | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 7 | is a | past | boat | a war canoe or a travelling boat | a travelling boat conj | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/4/24/