Hawaiian Historical Legends, A Viking of the Pacific, sentence 61
He leaped across to the foreign land, caught the sun before it was buried, brought it back to Hawaii and placed it in the heavens, where it has been ever since.
Who acts: earth, sun · What happens: leap, catch, bury, bring back, place, be · To what, where: foreign land, sun, Hawaii, heavens
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, A Viking of the Pacific. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth, sun), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 leaped | nsubj |
| 2 | leaped | leap | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | across | across | ADV | _ | 2 leaped | advmod |
| 4 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 land | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 land | det |
| 6 | foreign | foreign | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 land | amod |
| 7 | land | land | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 leaped | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 9 caught | punct |
| 9 | caught | catch | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 leaped | parataxis |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 sun | det |
| 11 | sun | sun | NOUN | Number=Sing | 9 caught | obj |
| 12 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 15 buried | mark |
| 13 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 buried | nsubj:pass |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 buried | aux:pass |
| 15 | buried | bury | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 9 caught | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 brought | punct |
| 17 | brought | bring | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 leaped | conj |
| 18 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 17 brought | obj |
| 19 | back | back | ADV | _ | 17 brought | advmod |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 Hawaii | case |
| 21 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 brought | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 placed | cc |
| 23 | placed | place | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 leaped | conj |
| 24 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 23 placed | obj |
| 25 | in | in | ADP | _ | 27 heavens | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 heavens | det |
| 27 | heavens | heaven | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 placed | obl |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 34 since | punct |
| 29 | where | where | ADV | PronType=Rel | 34 since | advmod |
| 30 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 34 since | nsubj |
| 31 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 34 since | aux |
| 32 | been | be | AUX | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 34 since | cop |
| 33 | ever | ever | ADV | PronType=Ind | 34 since | advmod |
| 34 | since | since | ADV | _ | 27 heavens | advmod |
| 35 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 leaped | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | leap | past | earth | the foreign land | across property | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to land=Destination | |||
| 2 | catch | past | the sun | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent sun=Theme | |||||
| 3 | bury | past · passive | sun | vn put-9.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 4 | bring back | past | earth not said here | sun | Hawaii | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme to hawaii=Destination | |||
| 5 | place | past | earth not said here | sun | the heavens | vn put-9.1-2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent it=Theme in heaven=Destination | |||
| 6 | is | present · perfect | sun | ever | since property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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