Hawaiian Historical Legends, Legendary Home of the Polynesians, sentence 3
It is also fortunate that the language spoken in the groups so widely diffused over the Pacific Ocean, has the same common structure, with only such differences as may be resolved into dialects.
Who acts: history, language · What happens: be, speak, diffuse, have, resolve · To what, where: language, groups, Pacific Ocean, same common structure, such differences, dialects · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Legendary Home of the Polynesians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (history, language), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 4 fortunate | nsubj |
| 2 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 fortunate | cop |
| 3 | also | also | ADV | _ | 4 fortunate | advmod |
| 4 | fortunate | fortunate | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 20 has | mark |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 language | det |
| 7 | language | language | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 has | nsubj |
| 8 | spoken | speak | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 language | acl |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 groups | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 groups | det |
| 11 | groups | group | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 spoken | obl |
| 12 | so | so | ADV | _ | 14 diffused | advmod |
| 13 | widely | widely | ADV | _ | 14 diffused | advmod |
| 14 | diffused | diffuse | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 spoken | advcl |
| 15 | over | over | ADP | _ | 18 Ocean | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Ocean | det |
| 17 | Pacific | Pacific | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Ocean | compound |
| 18 | Ocean | Ocean | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 diffused | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 7 language | punct |
| 20 | has | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 4 fortunate | advcl |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 structure | det |
| 22 | same | same | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 structure | amod |
| 23 | common | common | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 structure | amod |
| 24 | structure | structure | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 has | obj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 differences | punct |
| 26 | with | with | ADP | _ | 29 differences | case |
| 27 | only | only | ADV | _ | 29 differences | advmod |
| 28 | such | such | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 differences | amod |
| 29 | differences | difference | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 structure | nmod |
| 30 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 33 resolved | mark |
| 31 | may | may | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 33 resolved | aux |
| 32 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 33 resolved | aux:pass |
| 33 | resolved | resolve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 29 differences | acl |
| 34 | into | into | ADP | _ | 35 dialects | case |
| 35 | dialects | dialect | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 resolved | obl |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 fortunate | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | present | history | fortunate property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | speak speech: other | participle | the language not said here | the groups | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | diffuse | participle | the Pacific Ocean | widely property | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | have | present | the language | the same common structure | with such differences | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent structure=Patient | |||
| 5 | resolve | may · passive | such differences not said here | dialects | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/6/3/