Hawaiian Historical Legends, Legendary Home of the Polynesians, sentence 45
Edward Tregear, of New Zealand, writing about the original home of the Polynesians, thinks that their first residence was either India or Central Asia, from whence they passed through India, there making a stay of some time.
Who acts: Edward Tregear, first residence, India, time · What happens: write, think, be, pass, make, stay · To what, where: India, stay · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Legendary Home of the Polynesians. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Edward Tregear, first residence, India, time), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Edward | Edward | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Tregear | compound |
| 2 | Tregear | Tregear | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 thinks | nsubj |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 6 Zealand | punct |
| 4 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 Zealand | case |
| 5 | New | New | PROPN | Number=Sing | 6 Zealand | flat |
| 6 | Zealand | Zealand | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 Tregear | appos |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 writing | punct |
| 8 | writing | write | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 2 Tregear | acl |
| 9 | about | about | ADP | _ | 12 home | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 home | det |
| 11 | original | original | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 12 home | amod |
| 12 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 writing | obl |
| 13 | of | of | ADP | _ | 15 Polynesians | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 Polynesians | det |
| 15 | Polynesians | Polynesian | PROPN | Number=Plur | 12 home | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Tregear | punct |
| 17 | thinks | think | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 18 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 India | mark |
| 19 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 residence | nmod:poss |
| 20 | first | first | ADJ | Degree=Pos NumForm=Word NumType=Ord | 21 residence | amod |
| 21 | residence | residence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 India | nsubj |
| 22 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 India | cop |
| 23 | either | either | CCONJ | _ | 24 India | cc:preconj |
| 24 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 17 thinks | ccomp |
| 25 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 27 Asia | cc |
| 26 | Central | Central | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 Asia | flat |
| 27 | Asia | Asia | PROPN | Number=Sing | 24 India | conj |
| 28 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 passed | punct |
| 29 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 32 passed | mark |
| 30 | whence | whence | ADV | PronType=Int | 32 passed | advmod |
| 31 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 32 passed | nsubj |
| 32 | passed | pass | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 17 thinks | parataxis |
| 33 | through | through | ADP | _ | 34 India | case |
| 34 | India | India | PROPN | Number=Sing | 32 passed | obl |
| 35 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 making | punct |
| 36 | there | there | PRON | PronType=Dem | 37 making | expl |
| 37 | making | make | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 32 passed | advcl |
| 38 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 39 stay | det |
| 39 | stay | stay | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 making | obj |
| 40 | of | of | ADP | _ | 42 time | case |
| 41 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 42 time | det |
| 42 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 39 stay | nmod |
| 43 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 17 thinks | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | write | gerund | Edward Tregear not said here | about the original home of the Polynesians | vn lecture-37.11-1 «NP V PP.topic»: agent=Agent about home=Topic | ||||
| 2 | think speech: other | present | Edward Tregear | vn focus-87.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is a | past | Polynesians's first residence | India or Central Asia | Central Asia conj | tree rules | |||
| 4 | pass | past | India | India | whence property | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme through india=Location | |||
| 5 | make | gerund | India not said here | a stay of some time | there | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset stay=Product | |||
| 6 | stay | some time | nom stay «act intransitive»: of=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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