Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 115
In the boxing contests severe blows were given until one of the boxers was stricken senseless to the earth or an arm was broken.
Who acts: one · What happens: contest, give, be, break · To what, where: boxing, severe blows, arm
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (one), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | In | in | ADP | _ | 3 boxing | case |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 boxing | det |
| 3 | boxing | boxing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 contests | obl |
| 4 | contests | contest | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | severe | severe | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 6 blows | amod |
| 6 | blows | blow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 given | nsubj:pass |
| 7 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 given | aux:pass |
| 8 | given | give | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 contests | ccomp |
| 9 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 16 senseless | mark |
| 10 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 16 senseless | nsubj |
| 11 | of | of | ADP | _ | 13 boxers | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 boxers | det |
| 13 | boxers | boxer | NOUN | Number=Plur | 10 one | nmod |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 16 senseless | cop |
| 15 | stricken | stricken | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 16 senseless | amod |
| 16 | senseless | senseless | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 given | advcl |
| 17 | to | to | ADP | _ | 19 earth | case |
| 18 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 19 earth | det |
| 19 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 16 senseless | obl |
| 20 | or | or | CCONJ | _ | 24 broken | cc |
| 21 | an | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 22 arm | det |
| 22 | arm | arm | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 broken | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 broken | aux:pass |
| 24 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 given | conj |
| 25 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 contests | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | contest | present | the boxing | tree rules | |||||
| 2 | give | past · passive | severe blows | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Theme | |||||
| 3 | is | past | one of the boxers | to the earth; senseless property | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | break | past · passive | a arm | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/7/115/