Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 172
It was considered evidence of great skill when a rider instantaneously adjusted himself to a broken sled, kept it in its course and finally landed safely in the smooth plain below.
Who acts: rider · What happens: consider, adjust, break, keep, land, evidence · To what, where: shock, rider, broken sled, course, smooth plain, great skill
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (rider), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | It | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 considered | nsubj:pass |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 considered | aux:pass |
| 3 | considered | consider | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 4 | evidence | evidence | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 considered | xcomp |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 skill | case |
| 6 | great | great | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 7 skill | amod |
| 7 | skill | skill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 evidence | nmod |
| 8 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 12 adjusted | advmod |
| 9 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 10 rider | det |
| 10 | rider | rider | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 adjusted | nsubj |
| 11 | instantaneously | instantaneously | ADV | _ | 12 adjusted | advmod |
| 12 | adjusted | adjust | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 considered | advcl |
| 13 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 12 adjusted | obj |
| 14 | to | to | ADP | _ | 17 sled | case |
| 15 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 sled | det |
| 16 | broken | break | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 sled | amod |
| 17 | sled | sled | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 adjusted | obl |
| 18 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 kept | punct |
| 19 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 considered | parataxis |
| 20 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 19 kept | obj |
| 21 | in | in | ADP | _ | 23 course | case |
| 22 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 course | nmod:poss |
| 23 | course | course | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 kept | obl |
| 24 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 26 landed | cc |
| 25 | finally | finally | ADV | _ | 26 landed | advmod |
| 26 | landed | land | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 kept | conj |
| 27 | safely | safely | ADV | _ | 26 landed | advmod |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 31 plain | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 31 plain | det |
| 30 | smooth | smooth | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 plain | amod |
| 31 | plain | plain | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 landed | obl |
| 32 | below | below | ADV | _ | 31 plain | advmod |
| 33 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 considered | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | consider | past · passive | shock | evidence of great skill xcomp | vn consider-29.9-1-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Attribute | ||||
| 2 | adjust | past | a rider | rider | to a broken sled goal; instantaneously property | vn adjust-26.9 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent himself=Patient to sled=Goal | |||
| 3 | break | participle | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient | ||||||
| 4 | keep | past | shock | shock's course | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent it=Theme in course=Location | ||||
| 5 | land | past | the smooth plain | finally, safely property | vn pocket-9.10-1 «NP V PP.destination»: agent=Theme in plain=Destination | ||||
| 6 | evidence | great skill | nom evidence «cognition transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/7/172/