Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 18
Two prisoners were held at the prow of the boat, two at the stern, four along the boat sides and others in a line extending to the beach.
Who acts: line · What happens: hold, extend · To what, where: Two prisoners, prow, beach
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (line), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 2 prisoners | nummod |
| 2 | prisoners | prisoner | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 held | nsubj:pass |
| 3 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 4 held | aux:pass |
| 4 | held | hold | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 5 | at | at | ADP | _ | 7 prow | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 prow | det |
| 7 | prow | prow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 held | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 boat | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 boat | det |
| 10 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 prow | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 two | punct |
| 12 | two | two | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 10 boat | appos |
| 13 | at | at | ADP | _ | 15 stern | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 stern | det |
| 15 | stern | stern | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 two | nmod |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 four | punct |
| 17 | four | four | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 12 two | conj |
| 18 | along | along | ADP | _ | 21 sides | case |
| 19 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 sides | det |
| 20 | boat | boat | NOUN | Number=Sing | 21 sides | compound |
| 21 | sides | side | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 held | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 others | cc |
| 23 | others | other | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 sides | conj |
| 24 | in | in | ADP | _ | 26 line | case |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 line | det |
| 26 | line | line | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 held | obl |
| 27 | extending | extend | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 26 line | acl |
| 28 | to | to | ADP | _ | 30 beach | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 beach | det |
| 30 | beach | beach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 extending | obl |
| 31 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 held | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | hold | past · passive | Two prisoners | the prow of the boat | along the boat sides and others; in a line | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: subject=Theme at prow=Location | |||
| 2 | extend | gerund | a line not said here | the beach | vn contribute-13.2-2 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to beach=Recipient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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