Hawaiian Historical Legends, The Sons of Kii, sentence 37
Okela, the chief who had called to Taunoa, at once preceded the crowd thronging hastily behind, giving Taunoa the post of honour after Okela.
Who acts: crowd · What happens: call, proceed, throng, give · To what, where: chief, Taunoa, crowd, post, Okela · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, The Sons of Kii. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (crowd), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Okela | Okela | PROPN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 2 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 chief | punct |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 chief | det |
| 4 | chief | chief | NOUN | Number=Sing | 1 Okela | appos |
| 5 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 7 called | nsubj:pass |
| 6 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 called | aux |
| 7 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 4 chief | acl:relcl |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 9 Taunoa | case |
| 9 | Taunoa | Taunoa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 7 called | obl |
| 10 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 13 preceded | punct |
| 11 | at | at | SCONJ | _ | 13 preceded | mark |
| 12 | once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 13 preceded | advmod |
| 13 | preceded | proceed | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 7 called | conj |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 crowd | det |
| 15 | crowd | crowd | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 preceded | obj |
| 16 | thronging | throng | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 15 crowd | acl |
| 17 | hastily | hastily | ADV | _ | 18 behind | advmod |
| 18 | behind | behind | ADV | _ | 16 thronging | advmod |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 giving | punct |
| 20 | giving | give | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 16 thronging | conj |
| 21 | Taunoa | Taunoa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 giving | iobj |
| 22 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 post | det |
| 23 | post | post | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 giving | obj |
| 24 | of | of | ADP | _ | 25 honour | case |
| 25 | honour | honour | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 post | nmod |
| 26 | after | after | ADP | _ | 27 Okela | case |
| 27 | Okela | Okela | PROPN | Number=Sing | 20 giving | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 1 Okela | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | call | past · perfect · passive | the chief | Taunoa | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Topic to taunoa=Recipient | ||||
| 2 | proceed | past | the crowd | once property | tree rules | ||||
| 3 | throng | gerund | the crowd not said here | behind property | vn swarm-47.5.1-2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | give | gerund | the crowd not said here | the post of honour | Taunoa | after Okela | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent taunoa=Recipient post=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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