Hawaiian Historical Legends, Paao From Samoa, sentence 103
I saw the spirits of my sons stand by the cocoanut tree.
Who acts: I, spirits · What happens: see, stand · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paao From Samoa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, spirits), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 2 saw | nsubj |
| 2 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 4 spirits | det |
| 4 | spirits | spirit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 stand | nsubj |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 7 sons | case |
| 6 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 sons | nmod:poss |
| 7 | sons | son | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 spirits | nmod |
| 8 | stand | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 2 saw | ccomp |
| 9 | by | by | ADP | _ | 12 tree | case |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 12 tree | det |
| 11 | cocoanut | cocoanut | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 tree | compound |
| 12 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 stand | obl |
| 13 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 saw | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | see | past | I | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | |||||
| 2 | stand | present | the spirits of my sons | by the cocoanut tree | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by tree=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/8/103/