Hawaiian Historical Legends, Paao From Samoa, sentence 133
They toiled hard in rowing, and as the night dropped its shadows around them, they made preparations for landing in this new home.
Who acts: steersmen, night, rowing · What happens: toil, drop, make, shadow · To what, where: rowing, shadows, preparations, new home
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paao From Samoa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (steersmen, night, rowing), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | They | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 toiled | nsubj |
| 2 | toiled | toil | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | hard | hard | ADV | Degree=Pos | 2 toiled | advmod |
| 4 | in | in | ADP | _ | 5 rowing | case |
| 5 | rowing | rowing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 2 toiled | obl |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 11 dropped | punct |
| 7 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 11 dropped | cc |
| 8 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 11 dropped | mark |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 night | det |
| 10 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 11 dropped | nsubj |
| 11 | dropped | drop | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 toiled | parataxis |
| 12 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 13 shadows | nmod:poss |
| 13 | shadows | shadow | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 dropped | obj |
| 14 | around | around | ADP | _ | 15 them | case |
| 15 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 dropped | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 18 made | punct |
| 17 | they | they | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 18 made | nsubj |
| 18 | made | make | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 toiled | conj |
| 19 | preparations | preparation | NOUN | Number=Plur | 18 made | obj |
| 20 | for | for | ADP | _ | 21 landing | case |
| 21 | landing | landing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 preparations | nmod |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 25 home | case |
| 23 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 25 home | det |
| 24 | new | new | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 25 home | amod |
| 25 | home | home | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 made | obl |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 toiled | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | toil | past | steersmen = steersman | rowing | hard property | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in rowing=Trajectory | |||
| 2 | drop | past | the night | rowing's shadows | around steersmen = steersman | vn put_direction-9.4 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent shadow=Theme around they=Destination | |||
| 3 | make | past | steersmen = steersman | preparations | this new home | for landing | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP P.asset»: agent=Agent preparation=Product for landing=Asset | ||
| 4 | shadow | rowing | nom shadow «state transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/8/133/