Hawaiian Historical Legends, Paao From Samoa, sentence 169
The idle, the dissolute, the depraved and the reckless among the sub-chiefs of the various islands flocked to Kapawa and became his “eating companions”—those who received from his bounty their food and clothing.
Who acts: reckless · What happens: deprave, flock, become, eat, receive · To what, where: Kapawa, eating companions, bounty, idle dissolute
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paao From Samoa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (reckless), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 dissolute | det |
| 2 | idle | idle | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 5 dissolute | amod |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 dissolute | punct |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 dissolute | det |
| 5 | dissolute | dissolute | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 6 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 5 dissolute | punct |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 those | det |
| 8 | depraved | deprave | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 30 those | amod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 flocked | cc |
| 10 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 11 reckless | det |
| 11 | reckless | reckless | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 flocked | nsubj |
| 12 | among | among | ADP | _ | 14 sub-chiefs | case |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 14 sub-chiefs | det |
| 14 | sub-chiefs | sub-chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 11 reckless | nmod |
| 15 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 islands | case |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 islands | det |
| 17 | various | various | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 islands | amod |
| 18 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 sub-chiefs | nmod |
| 19 | flocked | flock | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 depraved | conj |
| 20 | to | to | ADP | _ | 21 Kapawa | case |
| 21 | Kapawa | Kapawa | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 flocked | obl |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 became | cc |
| 23 | became | become | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 19 flocked | conj |
| 24 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 27 companions | nmod:poss |
| 25 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 eating | punct |
| 26 | eating | eat | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 27 companions | amod |
| 27 | companions | companion | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 became | xcomp |
| 28 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 19 flocked | punct |
| 29 | — | - | PUNCT | _ | 30 those | punct |
| 30 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 5 dissolute | nmod |
| 31 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 32 received | nsubj |
| 32 | received | receive | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 30 those | acl:relcl |
| 33 | from | from | ADP | _ | 35 bounty | case |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 bounty | nmod:poss |
| 35 | bounty | bounty | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 received | obl |
| 36 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 37 food | nmod:poss |
| 37 | food | food | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 bounty | appos |
| 38 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 39 clothing | cc |
| 39 | clothing | clothing | NOUN | Number=Sing | 37 food | conj |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 dissolute | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | deprave | participle | tree rules | ||||||
| 2 | flock | past | the reckless among the sub-chiefs of the various islands | Kapawa | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | become | past | the reckless among the sub-chiefs of the various islands not said here | Kapawa's eating companions | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient | ||||
| 4 | eat in a quote | gerund | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||||
| 5 | receive | past | Kapawa's bounty | who nsubj | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent from bounty=Source |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/8/169/