Hawaiian Historical Legends, Paao From Samoa, sentence 25
“Some of my choice fruits, brought from Tahiti, are beginning to ripen; and each night Kaino, your son, creeps under the low branches, and gathers whatever is good.”
Who acts: Some, night, whatever · What happens: bring, begin, ripen, creep, gather, be · To what, where: choice fruits, Tahiti, low branches · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Paao From Samoa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Some, night, whatever), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 beginning | punct |
| 2 | Some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 13 beginning | nsubj |
| 3 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 fruits | case |
| 4 | my | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 6 fruits | nmod:poss |
| 5 | choice | choice | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 fruits | compound |
| 6 | fruits | fruit | NOUN | Number=Plur | 2 Some | nmod |
| 7 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 8 brought | punct |
| 8 | brought | bring | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 6 fruits | acl |
| 9 | from | from | ADP | _ | 10 Tahiti | case |
| 10 | Tahiti | Tahiti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 brought | obl |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 Some | punct |
| 12 | are | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 beginning | aux |
| 13 | beginning | begin | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 14 | to | to | PART | _ | 15 ripen | mark |
| 15 | ripen | ripen | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 13 beginning | xcomp |
| 16 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 25 creeps | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 25 creeps | cc |
| 18 | each | each | DET | PronType=Tot | 19 night | det |
| 19 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 creeps | nsubj |
| 20 | Kaino | Kaino | PROPN | Number=Sing | 19 night | appos |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 son | punct |
| 22 | your | your | PRON | Case=Gen Person=2 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 son | nmod:poss |
| 23 | son | son | NOUN | Number=Sing | 20 Kaino | appos |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 night | punct |
| 25 | creeps | creep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 beginning | conj |
| 26 | under | under | ADP | _ | 29 branches | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 29 branches | det |
| 28 | low | low | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 branches | amod |
| 29 | branches | branch | NOUN | Number=Plur | 25 creeps | obl |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 32 gathers | punct |
| 31 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 32 gathers | cc |
| 32 | gathers | gather | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 13 beginning | parataxis |
| 33 | whatever | whatever | PRON | PronType=Rel | 35 good | nsubj |
| 34 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 35 good | cop |
| 35 | good | good | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 gathers | ccomp |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 13 beginning | punct |
| 37 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 13 beginning | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bring in a quote | participle | my choice fruits not said here | Tahiti | vn bring-11.3-1 «NP V NP PP.initial_location»: agent=Agent from tahiti=Initial_Location | ||||
| 2 | begin in a quote | present · progressive | Some of my choice fruits | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 3 | ripen in a quote | to-infinitive | Some of my choice fruits not said here | vn other_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | |||||
| 4 | creep in a quote | present | each night | the low branches | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme under branch=Trajectory | ||||
| 5 | gather in a quote | present | vn herd-47.5.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||||
| 6 | is in a quote | present | whatever | good property | tree rules |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/8/25/