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Hawaiian Historical Legends, Moi-keha, the Restless, sentence 46

He was a kilokilo, an astrologer who understood the places of the stars in the heavens and the proper course to steer, guided by the sun by day and the stars by night.

Who acts: lele, astrologer · What happens: be, understand, steer, guide · To what, where: kilokilo, places, heavens

This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Moi-keha, the Restless. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (lele, astrologer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.

The tree

nsubjcopdetpunctdetapposnsubjacl:relcldetobjcasedetnmodcasedetnmodccdetamodconjmarkaclpunctaclcasedetoblcaseoblccdetconjcaseoblpunctrootHePRONwasAUXaDETkilokiloNOUN,PUNCTanDETastrologerNOUNwhoPRONunderstoodVERBtheDETplacesNOUNofADPtheDETstarsNOUNinADPtheDETheavensNOUNandCCONJtheDETproperADJcourseNOUNtoPARTsteerVERB,PUNCTguidedVERBbyADPtheDETsunNOUNbyADPdayNOUNandCCONJtheDETstarsNOUNbyADPnightNOUN.PUNCT
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
#wordlemmaUPOSfeaturesheadrelation
1HehePRONCase=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs4 kilokilonsubj
2wasbeAUXMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin4 kilokilocop
3aaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art4 kilokilodet
4kilokilokilokiloNOUNNumber=Singrootroot
5,,PUNCT_7 astrologerpunct
6anaDETDefinite=Ind PronType=Art7 astrologerdet
7astrologerastrologerNOUNNumber=Sing4 kilokiloappos
8whowhoPRONPronType=Rel9 understoodnsubj
9understoodunderstandVERBMood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin7 astrologeracl:relcl
10thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art11 placesdet
11placesplaceNOUNNumber=Plur9 understoodobj
12ofofADP_14 starscase
13thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art14 starsdet
14starsstarNOUNNumber=Plur11 placesnmod
15ininADP_17 heavenscase
16thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art17 heavensdet
17heavensheavenNOUNNumber=Plur14 starsnmod
18andandCCONJ_21 coursecc
19thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art21 coursedet
20properproperADJDegree=Pos21 courseamod
21coursecourseNOUNNumber=Sing17 heavensconj
22totoPART_23 steermark
23steersteerVERBVerbForm=Inf21 courseacl
24,,PUNCT_25 guidedpunct
25guidedguideVERBTense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass17 heavensacl
26bybyADP_28 suncase
27thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art28 sundet
28sunsunNOUNNumber=Sing25 guidedobl
29bybyADP_30 daycase
30daydayNOUNNumber=Sing25 guidedobl
31andandCCONJ_33 starscc
32thetheDETDefinite=Def PronType=Art33 starsdet
33starsstarNOUNNumber=Plur14 starsconj
34bybyADP_35 nightcase
35nightnightNOUNNumber=Sing9 understoodobl
36..PUNCT_4 kilokilopunct

Pragmatics

#verbtense, moodwhowhat, whomto whomwherewhenotherroles by
1is apastlelea kilokiloa astrologer appostree rules
2understandpasta astrologerthe places of the stars in the heavens and the proper course and the starsnightvn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.attribute»: agent=Experiencer place=Stimulus
3steerto-infinitivea astrologer not said herevn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent
4guideparticiplethe heavens and the proper course not said heredayby the sunvn accompany-51.7 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent by sun=Destination

One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.

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