Hawaiian Historical Legends, Moi-keha, the Restless, sentence 72
Her father at last had decided that the only way to keep her suitors from always living at his cost was to have a contest.
Who acts: father, only way, way · What happens: decide, keep, live, have, cost · To what, where: suitors, cost, contest · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Moi-keha, the Restless. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (father, only way, way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 father | nmod:poss |
| 2 | father | father | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 decided | nsubj |
| 3 | at | at | ADP | _ | 4 last | case |
| 4 | last | last | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 2 father | nmod |
| 5 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 decided | aux |
| 6 | decided | decide | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | root | root |
| 7 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 23 have | mark |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 way | det |
| 9 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 way | amod |
| 10 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 have | nsubj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 keep | mark |
| 12 | keep | keep | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 10 way | acl |
| 13 | her | her | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 suitors | nmod:poss |
| 14 | suitors | suitor | NOUN | Number=Plur | 12 keep | obj |
| 15 | from | from | SCONJ | _ | 17 living | mark |
| 16 | always | always | ADV | PronType=Tot | 17 living | advmod |
| 17 | living | live | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 12 keep | advcl |
| 18 | at | at | ADP | _ | 20 cost | case |
| 19 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 cost | nmod:poss |
| 20 | cost | cost | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 living | obl |
| 21 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 have | aux |
| 22 | to | to | PART | _ | 23 have | mark |
| 23 | have | have | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 decided | ccomp |
| 24 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 25 contest | det |
| 25 | contest | contest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 23 have | obj |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 decided | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | decide | past · perfect | Puna's father at last | vn correspond-36.1-1 «NP V what S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | keep | to-infinitive | the only way not said here | Puna's suitors | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent suitor=Theme | ||||
| 3 | live | gerund | the only way not said here | way's cost | always property | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at cost=Location | |||
| 4 | have not said to happen | past | the only way | a contest | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent contest=Patient | ||||
| 5 | cost | way | nom cost «possession transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66357/9/72/