Hawaiian Historical Legends, Moi-keha, the Restless, sentence 78
Moi-keha had only a small canoe prepared which still lay on the shore under the care of one of his comrades from Tahiti.
Who acts: Moi, small canoe · What happens: have, prepare, lay · To what, where: small canoe, shore
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Moi-keha, the Restless. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Moi, small canoe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Moi | Moi | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 had | nsubj |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 3 keha | punct |
| 3 | keha | keha | X | Foreign=Yes | 1 Moi | dep |
| 4 | had | have | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | only | only | ADV | _ | 8 canoe | advmod |
| 6 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 8 canoe | det |
| 7 | small | small | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 canoe | amod |
| 8 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 had | obj |
| 9 | prepared | prepare | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 8 canoe | acl |
| 10 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 lay | nsubj |
| 11 | still | still | ADV | _ | 12 lay | advmod |
| 12 | lay | lay | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 8 canoe | parataxis |
| 13 | on | on | ADP | _ | 15 shore | case |
| 14 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 shore | det |
| 15 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 lay | obl |
| 16 | under | under | ADP | _ | 18 care | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 care | det |
| 18 | care | care | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 lay | obl |
| 19 | of | of | ADP | _ | 20 one | case |
| 20 | one | one | NUM | NumForm=Word NumType=Card | 18 care | nmod |
| 21 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 comrades | case |
| 22 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 23 comrades | nmod:poss |
| 23 | comrades | comrade | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 one | nmod |
| 24 | from | from | ADP | _ | 25 Tahiti | case |
| 25 | Tahiti | Tahiti | PROPN | Number=Sing | 23 comrades | nmod |
| 26 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 had | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | have | past | Moi | a small canoe | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent canoe=Patient | ||||
| 2 | prepare | participle | a small canoe not said here | vn establish-55.5-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | lay | present | a small canoe | the shore | still | under the care of one of Moi's comrades from Tahiti | vn put_spatial-9.2 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent on shore=Destination |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Historical Legends» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66357 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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