Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 1, sentence 163
So he kept on walking and the only tree that did not answer promptly was the black spruce, and that said, “I’m Se·′se·ga‵ndαk” (black spruce).
Who acts: Cedar, only tree, that, I · What happens: keep, not answer, be, say · To what, where: walking, black spruce, Se · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 1. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Cedar, only tree, that, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | So | so | ADV | _ | 3 kept | advmod |
| 2 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 kept | nsubj |
| 3 | kept | keep | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 5 walking | case |
| 5 | walking | walking | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 kept | obl |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 18 spruce | cc |
| 7 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 tree | det |
| 8 | only | only | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 9 tree | amod |
| 9 | tree | tree | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 spruce | nsubj |
| 10 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 13 answer | nsubj |
| 11 | did | do | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 13 answer | aux |
| 12 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 13 answer | advmod |
| 13 | answer | answer | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 9 tree | acl:relcl |
| 14 | promptly | promptly | ADV | _ | 13 answer | advmod |
| 15 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 18 spruce | cop |
| 16 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 spruce | det |
| 17 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 18 spruce | amod |
| 18 | spruce | spruce | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 kept | conj |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 22 said | punct |
| 20 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 22 said | cc |
| 21 | that | that | PRON | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 22 said | nsubj |
| 22 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 kept | conj |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 ’m | punct |
| 24 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 26 ’m | punct |
| 25 | I | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 26 ’m | nsubj |
| 26 | ’m | be | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=1 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 22 said | ccomp |
| 27 | Se | Se | PROPN | Number=Sing | 26 ’m | obj |
| 28 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | 30 se | punct |
| 29 | ′ | ′ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 30 se | compound |
| 30 | se | se | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 ’m | obl |
| 31 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | 32 ga | punct |
| 32 | ga | ga | X | ExtPos=PROPN | 30 se | appos |
| 33 | ‵ | ‵ | X | _ | 32 ga | flat |
| 34 | ndαk | ndαk | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 ga | flat |
| 35 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 32 ga | punct |
| 36 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 38 spruce | punct |
| 37 | black | black | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 38 spruce | amod |
| 38 | spruce | spruce | NOUN | Number=Sing | 32 ga | flat |
| 39 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 38 spruce | punct |
| 40 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 kept | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | keep | past | Cedar | walking | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent on walking=Location | ||||
| 2 | not answer speech: assert | past · do-support | the only tree | promptly property | vn reciprocate-112-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | is a | past | the only tree | the black spruce | tree rules | ||||
| 4 | say speech: assert | past | that | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 5 | be in a quote | present | I | Se | ′ se obl | vn representation-110.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot se=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66509/11/163/