Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 3, sentence 151
He then started the canoe off in the water by singing, without using his paddle.
Who acts: Wemicus · What happens: start off, sing, use · To what, where: canoe, water, paddle
This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 3. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Wemicus), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 started | nsubj |
| 2 | then | then | ADV | PronType=Dem | 3 started | advmod |
| 3 | started | start | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 5 canoe | det |
| 5 | canoe | canoe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 started | obj |
| 6 | off | off | ADP | _ | 3 started | compound:prt |
| 7 | in | in | ADP | _ | 9 water | case |
| 8 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 9 water | det |
| 9 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 started | obl |
| 10 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 11 singing | mark |
| 11 | singing | sing | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 started | advcl |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 using | punct |
| 13 | without | without | SCONJ | _ | 14 using | mark |
| 14 | using | use | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 singing | conj |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 paddle | nmod:poss |
| 16 | paddle | paddle | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 using | obj |
| 17 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 started | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | start off | past | Wemicus | the canoe | the water | then | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent canoe=Eventuality | ||
| 2 | sing speech: express | gerund | Wemicus not said here | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 3 | use | gerund | Wemicus not said here | Wemicus's paddle | vn eat-39.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent paddle=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66509/13/151/