Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 6, sentence 144
His brother began crying and ran back to his grandmother in the wigwam, saying, “My little brother is koga′miko, ‘swallowed in the water’.”
Who acts: brother, little brother · What happens: begin, cry, run back, say, be, swallow · To what, where: wigwam, koga ′ miko, water · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 6. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (brother, little brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | His | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 2 brother | nmod:poss |
| 2 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 began | nsubj |
| 3 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | crying | cry | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 3 began | xcomp |
| 5 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 6 ran | cc |
| 6 | ran | run | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 began | conj |
| 7 | back | back | ADV | _ | 6 ran | advmod |
| 8 | to | to | ADP | _ | 10 grandmother | case |
| 9 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 10 grandmother | nmod:poss |
| 10 | grandmother | grandmother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ran | obl |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 wigwam | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 wigwam | det |
| 13 | wigwam | wigwam | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 ran | obl |
| 14 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 saying | punct |
| 15 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 3 began | advcl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 miko | punct |
| 17 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 miko | punct |
| 18 | My | my | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Sing Person=1 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 20 brother | nmod:poss |
| 19 | little | little | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 20 brother | amod |
| 20 | brother | brother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 miko | nsubj |
| 21 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 24 miko | cop |
| 22 | koga | koga | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 miko | compound |
| 23 | ′ | ′ | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 miko | compound |
| 24 | miko | miko | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 saying | ccomp |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 27 swallowed | punct |
| 26 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 27 swallowed | punct |
| 27 | swallowed | swallow | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 24 miko | acl |
| 28 | in | in | ADP | _ | 30 water | case |
| 29 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 30 water | det |
| 30 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 swallowed | obl |
| 31 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 27 swallowed | punct |
| 32 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 24 miko | punct |
| 33 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 24 miko | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | begin | past | Pike's brother | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 2 | cry speech: express | gerund | Pike's brother not said here | vn manner_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | run back | past | Pike's brother not said here | the wigwam | to Pike's grandmother result | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V PP.result»: agent=Theme to grandmother=Result | |||
| 4 | say speech: assert | gerund | Pike's brother not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 5 | is a in a quote | present | My little brother | koga ′ miko | tree rules | ||||
| 6 | swallow in a quote | participle | koga ′ miko not said here | the water | vn hiccup-40.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66509/16/144/