Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 7, sentence 159
He was gone all day and by night he had not returned, so his wife began to think that possibly he had shot a moose, but, as he had taken his axe with him, he might have cut himself in some way.
Who acts: man, wife · What happens: be, not return, begin, think, shoot, take · To what, where: man, axe, way · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man, wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 3 gone | nsubj |
| 2 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gone | cop |
| 3 | gone | gone | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 4 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 5 day | det |
| 5 | day | day | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 gone | obl:unmarked |
| 6 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 returned | cc |
| 7 | by | by | ADP | _ | 8 night | case |
| 8 | night | night | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 returned | obl |
| 9 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 returned | nsubj |
| 10 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 12 returned | aux |
| 11 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 12 returned | advmod |
| 12 | returned | return | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 3 gone | conj |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 17 began | punct |
| 14 | so | so | ADV | _ | 17 began | advmod |
| 15 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 16 wife | nmod:poss |
| 16 | wife | wife | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 began | nsubj |
| 17 | began | begin | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 3 gone | parataxis |
| 18 | to | to | PART | _ | 19 think | mark |
| 19 | think | think | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 17 began | xcomp |
| 20 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 24 shot | mark |
| 21 | possibly | possibly | ADV | _ | 24 shot | advmod |
| 22 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 24 shot | nsubj:pass |
| 23 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 24 shot | aux |
| 24 | shot | shoot | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 19 think | ccomp |
| 25 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 26 moose | det |
| 26 | moose | moose | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 shot | obj |
| 27 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 33 taken | punct |
| 28 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 33 taken | cc |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 but | punct |
| 30 | as | as | SCONJ | _ | 33 taken | mark |
| 31 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 taken | nsubj |
| 32 | had | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 taken | aux |
| 33 | taken | take | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 17 began | conj |
| 34 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 35 axe | nmod:poss |
| 35 | axe | axe | NOUN | Number=Sing | 33 taken | obj |
| 36 | with | with | ADP | _ | 37 him | case |
| 37 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 33 taken | obl |
| 38 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 42 cut | punct |
| 39 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 42 cut | nsubj:pass |
| 40 | might | might | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 42 cut | aux |
| 41 | have | have | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 42 cut | aux |
| 42 | cut | cut | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 gone | conj |
| 43 | himself | himself | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs Reflex=Yes | 42 cut | obj |
| 44 | in | in | ADP | _ | 46 way | case |
| 45 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 46 way | det |
| 46 | way | way | NOUN | Number=Sing | 42 cut | obl |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 gone | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | man | day | gone property | tree rules | |||
| 2 | not return | past · perfect | man | night | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 3 | begin | past | man's wife | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality | |||||
| 4 | think speech: other | to-infinitive | man's wife not said here | vn consider-29.9-2 «NP V how S»: agent=Agent clause=Theme | |||||
| 5 | shoot | past · perfect · passive | man | a moose obj; possibly property | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: subject=Destination moose=Theme | ||||
| 6 | take | past · perfect | man | man's axe | with Story | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent axe=Theme | |||
| 7 | cut | might · perfect · passive | man | some way | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: subject=Beneficiary himself=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66509/17/159/