Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 7, sentence 177
Once a hunter was so quick of foot that when he shot his arrow at a beaver plunging into the lake from the shore, he would run down, catch the beaver by the tail before the arrow got to it, and hold it until the arrow struck.
Who acts: hunter, beaver, arrow · What happens: be, shoot, plunge, run down, catch, get · To what, where: foot, lake, beaver, tail, arrow
This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Myths and Folk-lore of the Timagami Ojibwa., part 7. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (hunter, beaver, arrow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Once | once | ADV | NumForm=Word NumType=Mult | 6 quick | advmod |
| 2 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 3 hunter | det |
| 3 | hunter | hunter | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 quick | nsubj |
| 4 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 quick | cop |
| 5 | so | so | ADV | _ | 6 quick | advmod |
| 6 | quick | quick | ADJ | Degree=Pos | root | root |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 foot | case |
| 8 | foot | foot | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 quick | obl |
| 9 | that | that | PRON | PronType=Rel | 12 shot | obj |
| 10 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 12 shot | advmod |
| 11 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 shot | nsubj |
| 12 | shot | shoot | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 foot | acl:relcl |
| 13 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 14 arrow | nmod:poss |
| 14 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 shot | obj |
| 15 | at | at | ADP | _ | 17 beaver | case |
| 16 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 17 beaver | det |
| 17 | beaver | beaver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 shot | obl |
| 18 | plunging | plunge | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 17 beaver | acl |
| 19 | into | into | ADP | _ | 21 lake | case |
| 20 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 21 lake | det |
| 21 | lake | lake | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 plunging | obl |
| 22 | from | from | ADP | _ | 24 shore | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 shore | det |
| 24 | shore | shore | NOUN | Number=Sing | 18 plunging | obl |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 run | punct |
| 26 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 28 run | nsubj |
| 27 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 run | aux |
| 28 | run | run | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 6 quick | parataxis |
| 29 | down | down | ADP | _ | 28 run | compound:prt |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 catch | punct |
| 31 | catch | catch | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 run | conj |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 beaver | det |
| 33 | beaver | beaver | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 catch | obj |
| 34 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 tail | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 tail | det |
| 36 | tail | tail | NOUN | Number=Sing | 31 catch | obl |
| 37 | before | before | SCONJ | _ | 40 got | mark |
| 38 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 39 arrow | det |
| 39 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 got | nsubj |
| 40 | got | get | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 31 catch | advcl |
| 41 | to | to | ADP | _ | 42 it | case |
| 42 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 40 got | obl |
| 43 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 45 hold | punct |
| 44 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 45 hold | cc |
| 45 | hold | hold | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 28 run | parataxis |
| 46 | it | it | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 45 hold | obj |
| 47 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 50 struck | mark |
| 48 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 49 arrow | det |
| 49 | arrow | arrow | NOUN | Number=Sing | 50 struck | nsubj |
| 50 | struck | strike | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 45 hold | advcl |
| 51 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 quick | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | is | past | a hunter | of foot; once, quick property | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | shoot | past | hunter | foot | at a beaver; hunter's arrow obj | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent that=Destination arrow=Theme | |||
| 3 | plunge | gerund | a beaver not said here | the lake | from the shore | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Theme into lake=Initial_Location from shore=Destination | |||
| 4 | run down | would | hunter | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | |||||
| 5 | catch | infinitive | hunter not said here | the beaver | by the tail | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent beaver=Theme | |||
| 6 | get | past | the arrow | tail | vn convert-26.6.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Patient to it=Result | ||||
| 7 | hold | infinitive | arrow | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | |||||
| 8 | strike | past | the arrow | vn sound_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66509/17/177/