Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Timagami Folk-lore., sentence 23
Another idea connected with the whippoorwill’s cry is that it is the signal cry of the Iroquois (Ma′djina‵dowes·i “bad Iroquois,” referring to the tribes of the League as distinct from those of Caughnawaga) and that it indicates the proximity of enemies.
Who acts: idea, bad Iroquois, whippoorwill · What happens: connect, be, iroquois, refer, indicate, cry · To what, where: idea, signal cry, proximity · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Timagami Folk-lore.. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (idea, bad Iroquois, whippoorwill), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Another | another | DET | PronType=Ind | 2 idea | det |
| 2 | idea | idea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cry | nsubj |
| 3 | connected | connect | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 2 idea | acl |
| 4 | with | with | ADP | _ | 8 cry | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 whippoorwill | det |
| 6 | whippoorwill | whippoorwill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 cry | nmod:poss |
| 7 | ’s | 's | PART | _ | 6 whippoorwill | case |
| 8 | cry | cry | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 connected | obl |
| 9 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 cry | cop |
| 10 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 15 cry | mark |
| 11 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 cry | nsubj |
| 12 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 15 cry | cop |
| 13 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 15 cry | det |
| 14 | signal | signal | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 15 cry | amod |
| 15 | cry | cry | NOUN | Number=Sing | root | root |
| 16 | of | of | ADP | _ | 18 Iroquois | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 Iroquois | det |
| 18 | Iroquois | Iroquois | PROPN | Number=Sing | 15 cry | nmod |
| 19 | ( | ( | PUNCT | _ | 20 Ma | punct |
| 20 | Ma | Ma | PROPN | Number=Sing | 18 Iroquois | appos |
| 21 | ′ | ′ | PUNCT | _ | 22 djina | punct |
| 22 | djina | djina | X | Foreign=Yes | 15 cry | conj |
| 23 | ‵ | ‵ | PUNCT | _ | 24 dowes | punct |
| 24 | dowes | dowe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 15 cry | conj |
| 25 | · | · | PUNCT | _ | 29 Iroquois | punct |
| 26 | i | I | PRON | Case=Nom Number=Sing Person=1 PronType=Prs | 29 Iroquois | nsubj |
| 27 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 Iroquois | punct |
| 28 | bad | bad | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 29 Iroquois | amod |
| 29 | Iroquois | iroquois | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 cry | conj |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 Iroquois | punct |
| 31 | ” | " | PUNCT | _ | 29 Iroquois | punct |
| 32 | referring | refer | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 29 Iroquois | acl |
| 33 | to | to | ADP | _ | 35 tribes | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 tribes | det |
| 35 | tribes | tribe | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 referring | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 League | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 League | det |
| 38 | League | League | PROPN | Number=Sing | 35 tribes | nmod |
| 39 | as | as | ADP | _ | 40 distinct | case |
| 40 | distinct | distinct | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 32 referring | obl |
| 41 | from | from | ADP | _ | 42 those | case |
| 42 | those | that | PRON | Number=Plur PronType=Dem | 40 distinct | conj |
| 43 | of | of | ADP | _ | 44 Caughnawaga | case |
| 44 | Caughnawaga | Caughnawaga | PROPN | Number=Sing | 42 those | nmod |
| 45 | ) | ) | PUNCT | _ | 42 those | punct |
| 46 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 49 indicates | cc |
| 47 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 49 indicates | mark |
| 48 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 49 indicates | nsubj |
| 49 | indicates | indicate | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 42 those | conj |
| 50 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 51 proximity | det |
| 51 | proximity | proximity | NOUN | Number=Sing | 49 indicates | obj |
| 52 | of | of | ADP | _ | 53 enemies | case |
| 53 | enemies | enemy | NOUN | Number=Plur | 51 proximity | nmod |
| 54 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 cry | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | connect | participle | another idea not said here | with the whippoorwill's cry | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V PP.patient»: agent=Patient with cry=Co-Patient | ||||
| 2 | be speech: express | present | another idea | the signal cry and dowes and bad Iroquois | of the Iroquois; dowes conj | tree rules | |||
| 3 | iroquois in a quote | another idea = idea | tree rules | ||||||
| 4 | refer | gerund | bad Iroquois not said here | to the tribes of the League; as distinct from those of Caughnawaga | vn relate-86.2-2 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to tribe=Co-Theme | ||||
| 5 | indicate | present | idea | the proximity of enemies | vn indicate-78-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Pivot proximity=Topic | ||||
| 6 | cry | the whippoorwill | nom cry «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66509/19/23/