Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa, Wiske·djak Cycle., part 2, sentence 138
The old Partridge said to his young, “What has happened to you?
Who acts: old Partridge · What happens: say, happen · To what, where: young · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Wiske·djak Cycle., part 2. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (old Partridge), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 Partridge | det |
| 2 | old | old | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 3 Partridge | amod |
| 3 | Partridge | Partridge | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 said | nsubj |
| 4 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | to | to | ADP | _ | 7 young | case |
| 6 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 7 young | nmod:poss |
| 7 | young | young | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 said | obl |
| 8 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 happened | punct |
| 9 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 12 happened | punct |
| 10 | What | what | PRON | PronType=Int | 12 happened | nsubj |
| 11 | has | have | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 12 happened | aux |
| 12 | happened | happen | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part | 4 said | ccomp |
| 13 | to | to | ADP | _ | 14 you | case |
| 14 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 12 happened | obl |
| 15 | ? | ? | PUNCT | _ | 4 said | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: ask | past | the old Partridge | Wiske's young | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to young=Recipient clause=Topic | ||||
| 2 | happen in a quote | present · perfect | Wiske's young = young | What nsubj | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Myths and Folk-lore of the Timiskaming Algonquin and Timagami Ojibwa» by Frank G. Speck, Project Gutenberg book 66509 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66509/6/138/