Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Opening, sentence 11
The earth is not without traces of similar circular ramparts in the shape of long curved chains of volcanoes, mostly in the sea, which would appear as ridges if the ocean were to dry up.
Who acts: earth, sea, ocean · What happens: not be, curve, appear, dry up
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (earth, sea, ocean), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 earth | det |
| 2 | earth | earth | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 traces | nsubj |
| 3 | is | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 6 traces | cop |
| 4 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 6 traces | advmod |
| 5 | without | without | ADP | _ | 6 traces | case |
| 6 | traces | trace | NOUN | Number=Plur | root | root |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 ramparts | case |
| 8 | similar | similar | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 ramparts | amod |
| 9 | circular | circular | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 10 ramparts | amod |
| 10 | ramparts | rampart | NOUN | Number=Plur | 6 traces | nmod |
| 11 | in | in | ADP | _ | 13 shape | case |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 shape | det |
| 13 | shape | shape | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 ramparts | nmod |
| 14 | of | of | ADP | _ | 17 chains | case |
| 15 | long | long | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 17 chains | amod |
| 16 | curved | curve | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 17 chains | amod |
| 17 | chains | chain | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 shape | nmod |
| 18 | of | of | ADP | _ | 19 volcanoes | case |
| 19 | volcanoes | volcano | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 chains | nmod |
| 20 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 sea | punct |
| 21 | mostly | mostly | ADV | _ | 24 sea | advmod |
| 22 | in | in | ADP | _ | 24 sea | case |
| 23 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 24 sea | det |
| 24 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 traces | conj |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 28 appear | punct |
| 26 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 28 appear | nsubj |
| 27 | would | would | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 28 appear | aux |
| 28 | appear | appear | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 24 sea | conj |
| 29 | as | as | ADP | _ | 30 ridges | case |
| 30 | ridges | ridge | NOUN | Number=Plur | 28 appear | obl |
| 31 | if | if | SCONJ | _ | 36 dry | mark |
| 32 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 33 ocean | det |
| 33 | ocean | ocean | NOUN | Number=Sing | 36 dry | nsubj |
| 34 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 36 dry | aux |
| 35 | to | to | PART | _ | 36 dry | mark |
| 36 | dry | dry | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 28 appear | advcl |
| 37 | up | up | ADP | _ | 36 dry | compound:prt |
| 38 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 6 traces | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | not is | present | the earth | without traces and the sea; of similar circular ramparts in the shape of long curved chains of volcanoes; the sea conj | tree rules | ||||
| 2 | curve | participle | vn knead-26.5 «NP.material V PP.product»: agent=Material | ||||||
| 3 | appear | would | the sea | as ridges | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | ||||
| 4 | dry up a condition, not said to happen | past | the ocean | vn other_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/1/11/