Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Opening, sentence 24
About 1790, thousands of tons of gravel and boulders and dust were strewn over Hawaii from Kilauea, covering hundreds of square miles, destroying the vegetation, and killing some of the people.
What happens: strewn, cover, destroy, kill · To what, where: thousands, Hawaii, hundreds, vegetation, some
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Opening. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | About | about | ADV | _ | 2 1790 | advmod |
| 2 | 1790 | 1790 | NUM | NumForm=Digit NumType=Card | 14 strewn | obl |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 2 1790 | punct |
| 4 | thousands | thousand | NOUN | Number=Plur | 14 strewn | nsubj:pass |
| 5 | of | of | ADP | _ | 6 tons | case |
| 6 | tons | ton | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 thousands | nmod |
| 7 | of | of | ADP | _ | 8 gravel | case |
| 8 | gravel | gravel | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 tons | nmod |
| 9 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 10 boulders | cc |
| 10 | boulders | boulder | NOUN | Number=Plur | 8 gravel | conj |
| 11 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 12 dust | cc |
| 12 | dust | dust | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 gravel | conj |
| 13 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 14 strewn | aux:pass |
| 14 | strewn | strewn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | root | root |
| 15 | over | over | ADP | _ | 16 Hawaii | case |
| 16 | Hawaii | Hawaii | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 strewn | obl |
| 17 | from | from | ADP | _ | 18 Kilauea | case |
| 18 | Kilauea | Kilauea | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 strewn | obl |
| 19 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 20 covering | punct |
| 20 | covering | cover | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 14 strewn | advcl |
| 21 | hundreds | hundred | NOUN | Number=Plur | 20 covering | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 24 miles | case |
| 23 | square | square | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 miles | amod |
| 24 | miles | mile | NOUN | Number=Plur | 21 hundreds | nmod |
| 25 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 26 destroying | punct |
| 26 | destroying | destroy | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 covering | conj |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 vegetation | det |
| 28 | vegetation | vegetation | NOUN | Number=Sing | 26 destroying | obj |
| 29 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 killing | punct |
| 30 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 31 killing | cc |
| 31 | killing | kill | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 20 covering | conj |
| 32 | some | some | DET | PronType=Ind | 31 killing | obj |
| 33 | of | of | ADP | _ | 35 people | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 people | det |
| 35 | people | people | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 some | nmod |
| 36 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 14 strewn | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | strewn | past · passive | thousands of tons of gravel and boulders and dust | Hawaii | from Kilauea; 1790 obl | tree rules | |||
| 2 | cover | gerund | hundreds of square miles | vn fill-9.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme hundred=Destination | |||||
| 3 | destroy | gerund | the vegetation | vn destroy-44 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent vegetation=Patient | |||||
| 4 | kill | gerund | some of the people | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent some=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/1/24/