Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 21
Kaha-wali excelled all the Kauai chiefs in this sport, so he determined to test his skill on the other islands.
Who acts: Kaha wali · What happens: excel, determine, test · To what, where: Kaha wali, skill, other islands
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Kaha wali), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Kaha | Kaha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 wali | compound |
| 2 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 1 Kaha | punct |
| 3 | wali | wali | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 determined | nsubj |
| 4 | excelled | excel | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 wali | acl |
| 5 | all | all | DET | PronType=Tot | 8 chiefs | det:predet |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 chiefs | det |
| 7 | Kauai | Kauai | PROPN | Number=Sing | 8 chiefs | compound |
| 8 | chiefs | chief | NOUN | Number=Plur | 4 excelled | obl:agent |
| 9 | in | in | ADP | _ | 11 sport | case |
| 10 | this | this | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 11 sport | det |
| 11 | sport | sport | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 chiefs | nmod |
| 12 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 determined | punct |
| 13 | so | so | ADV | _ | 15 determined | advmod |
| 14 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 15 determined | nsubj |
| 15 | determined | determine | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 16 | to | to | PART | _ | 17 test | mark |
| 17 | test | test | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 15 determined | xcomp |
| 18 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 19 skill | nmod:poss |
| 19 | skill | skill | NOUN | Number=Sing | 17 test | obj |
| 20 | on | on | ADP | _ | 23 islands | case |
| 21 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 23 islands | det |
| 22 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 23 islands | amod |
| 23 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 test | obl |
| 24 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 15 determined | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | excel | participle | Kaha wali not said here | all Kauai chiefs in this sport obl:agent | vn succeed-74-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | determine | past | Kaha wali | wali nsubj | vn discover-84 «NP V how S_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | ||||
| 3 | test | to-infinitive | Kaha wali not said here | wali's skill | the other islands | vn assessment-34.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent skill=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
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