Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 69
Ellis says: “He saw his mother who lived at Ku-kii, saluted her by touching noses, and said, ‘Aloha ino oe eia ihonei paha oe e make ai, ke ai manei Pele’ [Compassion rest on you.
Who acts: Ellis, mother, ino oe eia · What happens: say, see, live, salute, touch, make · To what, where: mother, Ku kii, lava, noses, ai · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Ellis, mother, ino oe eia), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Ellis | Ellis | PROPN | Number=Sing | 2 says | nsubj |
| 2 | says | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | : | : | PUNCT | _ | 6 saw | punct |
| 4 | “ | " | PUNCT | _ | 6 saw | punct |
| 5 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 6 saw | nsubj |
| 6 | saw | see | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 2 says | ccomp |
| 7 | his | his | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 8 mother | nmod:poss |
| 8 | mother | mother | NOUN | Number=Sing | 6 saw | obj |
| 9 | who | who | PRON | PronType=Rel | 10 lived | nsubj |
| 10 | lived | live | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 mother | acl:relcl |
| 11 | at | at | ADP | _ | 14 kii | case |
| 12 | Ku | Ku | PROPN | Number=Sing | 14 kii | compound |
| 13 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 12 Ku | punct |
| 14 | kii | kii | NOUN | Number=Sing | 10 lived | obl |
| 15 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 16 saluted | punct |
| 16 | saluted | salute | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 saw | conj |
| 17 | her | she | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Fem Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 16 saluted | obj |
| 18 | by | by | SCONJ | _ | 19 touching | mark |
| 19 | touching | touch | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 16 saluted | advcl |
| 20 | noses | nose | NOUN | Number=Plur | 19 touching | obj |
| 21 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 23 said | punct |
| 22 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 23 said | cc |
| 23 | said | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 6 saw | conj |
| 24 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 29 eia | punct |
| 25 | ‘ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 27 ino | punct |
| 26 | Aloha | Aloha | PROPN | Number=Sing | 27 ino | compound |
| 27 | ino | ino | NOUN | Number=Sing | 29 eia | compound |
| 28 | oe | oe | X | _ | 29 eia | compound |
| 29 | eia | eia | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 make | nsubj |
| 30 | ihonei | ihonei | X | Foreign=Yes | 29 eia | conj |
| 31 | paha | paha | X | Foreign=Yes | 30 ihonei | flat:foreign |
| 32 | oe | oe | X | Foreign=Yes | 30 ihonei | flat:foreign |
| 33 | e | e | X | Foreign=Yes | 34 make | dep |
| 34 | make | make | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 23 said | ccomp |
| 35 | ai | ai | NOUN | Number=Sing | 34 make | obj |
| 36 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 37 ke | punct |
| 37 | ke | ke | X | Foreign=Yes | 34 make | obj |
| 38 | ai | ai | X | Foreign=Yes | 37 ke | flat:foreign |
| 39 | manei | manei | X | Foreign=Yes | 37 ke | flat:foreign |
| 40 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 37 ke | flat |
| 41 | ’ | ' | PUNCT | _ | 40 Pele | punct |
| 42 | [ | [ | PUNCT | _ | 44 rest | punct |
| 43 | Compassion | compassion | NOUN | Number=Sing | 44 rest | compound |
| 44 | rest | rest | NOUN | Number=Sing | 40 Pele | appos |
| 45 | on | on | ADP | _ | 46 you | case |
| 46 | you | you | PRON | Case=Acc Person=2 PronType=Prs | 44 rest | nmod |
| 47 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 says | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | Ellis | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 2 | see in a quote | past | Ellis | Ellis's mother | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer mother=Stimulus | ||||
| 3 | live in a quote | past | Ellis's mother | Ku kii | vn lodge-46 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at kii=Location | ||||
| 4 | salute in a quote | past | Ellis not said here | lava | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Topic | ||||
| 5 | touch in a quote | gerund | Ellis not said here | noses | vn contiguous_location-47.8-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme nose=Co-Theme | ||||
| 6 | say speech: assert in a quote | past | Ellis not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | |||||
| 7 | make in a quote | infinitive | ino oe eia | ai | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP NP»: agent=Asset ai=Beneficiary ke=Product |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/10/69/