Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kaha-wali, sentence 85
Pele soon stood on the beach hurling red-hot rocks at him which the natives say can still be seen lying on the bottom of the sea.
Who acts: Pele, natives, hurling · What happens: stand, hurl, say, see, lie · To what, where: beach, red hot rocks, bottom · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kaha-wali. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Pele, natives, hurling), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 3 stood | nsubj |
| 2 | soon | soon | ADV | Degree=Pos | 3 stood | advmod |
| 3 | stood | stand | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | on | on | ADP | _ | 6 beach | case |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 6 beach | det |
| 6 | beach | beach | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 stood | obl |
| 7 | hurling | hurl | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 seen | csubj |
| 8 | red | red | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rocks | amod |
| 9 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 8 red | punct |
| 10 | hot | hot | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 11 rocks | amod |
| 11 | rocks | rock | NOUN | Number=Plur | 7 hurling | obj |
| 12 | at | at | ADP | _ | 13 him | case |
| 13 | him | he | PRON | Case=Acc Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 rocks | nmod |
| 14 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 17 say | obj |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 natives | det |
| 16 | natives | native | NOUN | Number=Plur | 17 say | nsubj |
| 17 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | 11 rocks | acl:relcl |
| 18 | can | can | AUX | VerbForm=Fin | 21 seen | aux |
| 19 | still | still | ADV | _ | 21 seen | advmod |
| 20 | be | be | AUX | VerbForm=Inf | 21 seen | aux:pass |
| 21 | seen | see | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 3 stood | advcl |
| 22 | lying | lie | VERB | VerbForm=Ger | 21 seen | xcomp |
| 23 | on | on | ADP | _ | 25 bottom | case |
| 24 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 25 bottom | det |
| 25 | bottom | bottom | NOUN | Number=Sing | 22 lying | obl |
| 26 | of | of | ADP | _ | 28 sea | case |
| 27 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 28 sea | det |
| 28 | sea | sea | NOUN | Number=Sing | 25 bottom | nmod |
| 29 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 stood | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | stand | past | Pele | the beach | soon property | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on beach=Location | |||
| 2 | hurl | gerund | red hot rocks | at wali | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent rock=Theme at he=Destination | ||||
| 3 | say speech: assert | present | the natives | red hot rocks | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V NP.topic»: agent=Agent which=Topic | ||||
| 4 | see | can · passive | hurling | still | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V S_ING»: clause=Stimulus | ||||
| 5 | lie | gerund | hurling not said here | the bottom of the sea | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on bottom=Location |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/10/85/