Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kama-puaa, sentence 102
When the grass lay in the pathway of the fire, the lava was turned aside for a time; but Pele, inspired by the beginning of victory, called anew upon the gods of the underworld for strong reinforcements.
Who acts: grass · What happens: lie, turn, inspire, call, begin · To what, where: Pele, pathway, lava, victory · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (grass), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | When | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 4 lay | advmod |
| 2 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 3 grass | det |
| 3 | grass | grass | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lay | nsubj |
| 4 | lay | lie | VERB | Mood=Ind Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 5 | in | in | ADP | _ | 7 pathway | case |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 7 pathway | det |
| 7 | pathway | pathway | NOUN | Number=Sing | 4 lay | obl |
| 8 | of | of | ADP | _ | 10 fire | case |
| 9 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 10 fire | det |
| 10 | fire | fire | NOUN | Number=Sing | 7 pathway | nmod |
| 11 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 15 turned | punct |
| 12 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 13 lava | det |
| 13 | lava | lava | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 turned | nsubj |
| 14 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 15 turned | aux:pass |
| 15 | turned | turn | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 7 pathway | acl |
| 16 | aside | aside | ADV | _ | 15 turned | advmod |
| 17 | for | for | ADP | _ | 19 time | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 time | det |
| 19 | time | time | NOUN | Number=Sing | 15 turned | obl |
| 20 | ; | ; | PUNCT | _ | 22 Pele | punct |
| 21 | but | but | CCONJ | _ | 22 Pele | cc |
| 22 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 4 lay | obl |
| 23 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 24 inspired | punct |
| 24 | inspired | inspire | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 Pele | acl |
| 25 | by | by | ADP | _ | 27 beginning | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 beginning | det |
| 27 | beginning | beginning | NOUN | Number=Sing | 24 inspired | obl |
| 28 | of | of | ADP | _ | 29 victory | case |
| 29 | victory | victory | NOUN | Number=Sing | 27 beginning | nmod |
| 30 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 31 called | punct |
| 31 | called | call | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 22 Pele | acl:relcl |
| 32 | anew | anew | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 31 called | xcomp |
| 33 | upon | upon | ADP | _ | 35 gods | case |
| 34 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 35 gods | det |
| 35 | gods | god | NOUN | Number=Plur | 32 anew | obl |
| 36 | of | of | ADP | _ | 38 underworld | case |
| 37 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 38 underworld | det |
| 38 | underworld | underworld | NOUN | Number=Sing | 35 gods | nmod |
| 39 | for | for | ADP | _ | 41 reinforcements | case |
| 40 | strong | strong | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 41 reinforcements | amod |
| 41 | reinforcements | reinforcement | NOUN | Number=Plur | 38 underworld | nmod |
| 42 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 4 lay | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | lie | past | the grass | Pele | the pathway of the fire | vn assuming_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in pathway=Location | |||
| 2 | turn | past · passive | the lava | time | aside property | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V NP.theme»: subject=Theme | |||
| 3 | inspire | participle | Pele not said here | by the beginning of victory | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer | ||||
| 4 | call | participle | Pele not said here | anew property | vn initiate_communication-37.4.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 5 | begin | victory | nom beginning «event transitive»: of=patient |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/11/102/