Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kama-puaa, sentence 110
To that fish he gave the tough skin which he assumed when roaming over the islands as a hog.
Who acts: puaa, tough skin · What happens: give, assume, roam · To what, where: tough skin, fish, islands
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (puaa, tough skin), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | To | to | ADP | _ | 3 fish | case |
| 2 | that | that | DET | Number=Sing PronType=Dem | 3 fish | det |
| 3 | fish | fish | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 gave | obl |
| 4 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 5 gave | nsubj |
| 5 | gave | give | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 6 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 skin | det |
| 7 | tough | tough | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 8 skin | amod |
| 8 | skin | skin | NOUN | Number=Sing | 5 gave | obj |
| 9 | which | which | PRON | PronType=Rel | 11 assumed | nsubj |
| 10 | he | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 11 assumed | nsubj |
| 11 | assumed | assume | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 skin | acl:relcl |
| 12 | when | when | ADV | PronType=Int | 13 roaming | advmod |
| 13 | roaming | roam | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 11 assumed | advcl |
| 14 | over | over | ADP | _ | 16 islands | case |
| 15 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 16 islands | det |
| 16 | islands | island | NOUN | Number=Plur | 13 roaming | obl |
| 17 | as | as | ADP | _ | 19 hog | case |
| 18 | a | a | DET | Definite=Ind PronType=Art | 19 hog | det |
| 19 | hog | hog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 13 roaming | obl |
| 20 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 5 gave | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | give | past | puaa | the tough skin | that fish | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent skin=Theme to fish=Recipient | |||
| 2 | assume | past | the tough skin | puaa nsubj | vn adopt-93.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 3 | roam | gerund | the tough skin not said here | the islands | as a hog | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme over island=Trajectory |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/11/110/