Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kama-puaa, sentence 122
He refused, saying that it was best for them to abide by their oath, and not take any part of what belonged to the other.
Who acts: husband, difficulties · What happens: refuse, say, be, abide, not take, belong · To what, where: part · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (husband, difficulties), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | He | he | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Masc Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 2 refused | nsubj |
| 2 | refused | refuse | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 3 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 4 saying | punct |
| 4 | saying | say | VERB | Tense=Pres VerbForm=Part | 2 refused | advcl |
| 5 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 best | mark |
| 6 | it | it | PRON | Case=Nom Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 PronType=Prs | 8 best | expl |
| 7 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 8 best | cop |
| 8 | best | good | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 4 saying | ccomp |
| 9 | for | for | SCONJ | _ | 12 abide | mark |
| 10 | them | they | PRON | Case=Acc Number=Plur Person=3 PronType=Prs | 12 abide | nsubj |
| 11 | to | to | PART | _ | 12 abide | mark |
| 12 | abide | abide | VERB | VerbForm=Inf | 8 best | csubj |
| 13 | by | by | ADP | _ | 15 oath | case |
| 14 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 15 oath | nmod:poss |
| 15 | oath | oath | NOUN | Number=Sing | 12 abide | obl |
| 16 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 19 take | punct |
| 17 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 19 take | cc |
| 18 | not | not | PART | Polarity=Neg | 19 take | advmod |
| 19 | take | take | VERB | Mood=Imp VerbForm=Fin | 2 refused | parataxis |
| 20 | any | any | DET | PronType=Ind | 21 part | det |
| 21 | part | part | NOUN | Number=Sing | 19 take | obj |
| 22 | of | of | ADP | _ | 23 what | case |
| 23 | what | what | PRON | PronType=Rel | 21 part | nmod |
| 24 | belonged | belong | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 what | acl:relcl |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 27 other | case |
| 26 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 27 other | det |
| 27 | other | other | ADJ | Degree=Pos | 24 belonged | obl |
| 28 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 2 refused | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | refuse | past | husband | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S_ING»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 2 | say speech: assert | gerund | husband not said here | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | |||||
| 3 | is | past | good property | tree rules | |||||
| 4 | abide | to-infinitive | difficulties = difficulty | by difficulties's oath | tree rules | ||||
| 5 | not take | infinitive | any part | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent part=Theme | |||||
| 6 | belong | past | to the other | vn attend-107.4-2 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/11/122/