Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and Kama-puaa, sentence 76
The legends say that the hog-man, Kama-puaa, poured water into the crater until its fires were driven back to their lowest depths and Pele was almost drowned by the floods.
Who acts: legends, Kama puaa, floods, surface · What happens: say, pour, drive back, drown, fire · To what, where: water, crater, fires, Pele · Speech: someone speaks here
This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and Kama-puaa. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (legends, Kama puaa, floods, surface), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.
Mova's own parse. This tree may be wrong.
The tree
The words, one row each (CoNLL-U)
| # | word | lemma | UPOS | features | head | relation |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | The | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 2 legends | det |
| 2 | legends | legend | NOUN | Number=Plur | 3 say | nsubj |
| 3 | say | say | VERB | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Pres VerbForm=Fin | root | root |
| 4 | that | that | SCONJ | _ | 8 man | mark |
| 5 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 8 man | det |
| 6 | hog | hog | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 man | compound |
| 7 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 6 hog | punct |
| 8 | man | man | NOUN | Number=Sing | 3 say | ccomp |
| 9 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 12 puaa | punct |
| 10 | Kama | Kama | PROPN | Number=Sing | 12 puaa | compound |
| 11 | - | - | PUNCT | _ | 10 Kama | punct |
| 12 | puaa | puaa | NOUN | Number=Sing | 8 man | appos |
| 13 | , | , | PUNCT | _ | 14 poured | punct |
| 14 | poured | pour | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 12 puaa | acl |
| 15 | water | water | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 poured | obj |
| 16 | into | into | ADP | _ | 18 crater | case |
| 17 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 18 crater | det |
| 18 | crater | crater | NOUN | Number=Sing | 14 poured | obl |
| 19 | until | until | SCONJ | _ | 23 driven | mark |
| 20 | its | its | PRON | Case=Gen Gender=Neut Number=Sing Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 21 fires | nmod:poss |
| 21 | fires | fire | NOUN | Number=Plur | 23 driven | nsubj:pass |
| 22 | were | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Plur Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 23 driven | aux:pass |
| 23 | driven | drive | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 14 poured | advcl |
| 24 | back | back | ADV | _ | 23 driven | advmod |
| 25 | to | to | ADP | _ | 28 depths | case |
| 26 | their | their | PRON | Case=Gen Number=Plur Person=3 Poss=Yes PronType=Prs | 28 depths | nmod:poss |
| 27 | lowest | low | ADJ | Degree=Sup | 28 depths | amod |
| 28 | depths | depth | NOUN | Number=Plur | 24 back | obl |
| 29 | and | and | CCONJ | _ | 33 drowned | cc |
| 30 | Pele | Pele | PROPN | Number=Sing | 33 drowned | nsubj:pass |
| 31 | was | be | AUX | Mood=Ind Number=Sing Person=3 Tense=Past VerbForm=Fin | 33 drowned | aux:pass |
| 32 | almost | almost | ADV | _ | 33 drowned | advmod |
| 33 | drowned | drown | VERB | Tense=Past VerbForm=Part Voice=Pass | 23 driven | conj |
| 34 | by | by | ADP | _ | 36 floods | case |
| 35 | the | the | DET | Definite=Def PronType=Art | 36 floods | det |
| 36 | floods | flood | NOUN | Number=Plur | 33 drowned | obl |
| 37 | . | . | PUNCT | _ | 3 say | punct |
Pragmatics
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | say speech: assert | present | the legends | the hog man ccomp | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent | ||||
| 2 | pour | participle | Kama puaa not said here | water | the crater | vn pour-9.5 «NP V NP PP.initial_location PP.destination»: agent=Agent water=Theme into crater=Destination | |||
| 3 | drive back | past · passive | surface's fires | vn nonvehicle-51.4.2-1 «NP V PP»: subject=Trajectory | |||||
| 4 | drown | past · passive | the floods | Pele | almost property | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Patient | |||
| 5 | fire | surface | nom fire «event transitive»: poss=agent |
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.
Text: «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). Tree: Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. Frames: Mova's frames reader (prag), the chapter read in order.
This page in Markdown → https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/11/76/